What Wesley Left Out

~1,084 words

you  have  sent  for  me." 

anXe^r;fore  we^t^e^t^^Mh:::-'  ''''''''  P^^^""'  ^"^  ^''-''-^  ^^'^^"^^ 
Cause  of  Mpot :—"  I  have  been  in  prison  thus  long,  only  upon  the  occasion  of  Hi, 
£S:il  ^^:;S£::,'^^'  convocation-house,  ani  upo/ s^icS!::  ^Sg^ 

shalfbe's^^'at^litvlIVr"'"'  t  'T''  ""?  ^^^"™^  ^"  '^""'^^t  ^^^'  tho" 
the  bisLn  of  t1  ^  ^'     u  ^"^  "^^''  Y'"^  °'  "'^^  t'^«"  ^l^'-^Jt  be  commit  ed  to 
/>/./!     °^^?7l°"-     How  sayest  thou,  wilt  thou  revoke  it  or  no  ?" 
itr   "Tr/n  '^""^^  answered  in  this  behalf  to  mine  ordiiiary. 

^tory.~    it  thou  answerest  thus,  when  thou  comest  before  us  anoi 


anon,  thou 


r}\  Tf'*'.^^P?,'  ■  Memorials  under  Mary,  chap.  33,  page  456     Edit  Lond    isir:      f« 
■n'n.l.'s';!''^-^"'"'^''  '''^^°P°^  ^■-^-'-.  fl'-i  aftLrar1s^nt^o'G«ma"fy,and  U,e:"  deceased 


.  ■1S7.— Ed. 


HIS    FIRST    EXAMINATION.  607 

slialt  hear  more  of  our  minds:"  and  witli  that  he  went  into  the  parlour,  and  I     Uury. 
w-ithin  a  little  while  after  was  called  in. 


The  Scribe  : — "  Sir,  what  is  your  name?"  A.  1). 

Philpot : — "  My  name  is  John  Philpot."     And  so  he  intituled  my  name.  ^555. 

Story  : — "  This  man  was  archdeacon  of  Winchester,  of  Dr.  Poinet's  pre- 
sentment." 

Philpot : — "  I  was  archdeacon  indeed,  Lut  none  of  his  presentment,  but  by 
virtue  of  a  former  advowson,  given  by  my  lord  cliancellor  tliat  now  is." 

Story : — "  Ye  may  be  sure  that  my  lord  chancellor  would  not  make  any  such 
as  he  is  archdeacon." 

Roper  : — "  Come  hither  to  me,  master  Philpot.  We  hear  say  that  you  are 
out  of  the  catholic  church,  and  have  been  a  disturber  of  the  same  ;  out  of  the 
which  whoso  is,  he  cannot  be  the  child  of  salvation.  Wherefore,  if  you  will 
come  into  the  same,  you  shall  be  received,  and  find  favour." 

Philpot : — "  I  am  come  before  your  worshipful  masterships  at  your  appoint-  Philpot 
ment,    understanding  that   you   are  magistrates   authorized   by    the    queen's  '>'."''' '" 
majesty,  to  whom  I  owe,  and  will  do  my  due  obedience,  to  the  uttermost.  yearVnda 
Wherefore  I  desire  to  know  what  cause  I  have  offended  in,  wherefore  I  am  I'^'f  hi- 
now  called  before  you.     And  if  I  cannot  be  charged  with  any  particidar  matter  (|'^^  p'^^Ji^.^ 
done  contrary  to  the  laws  of  this  realm,  I  desire  your  masterships  that  I  may  to  his  an- 
have  the  benefit  of  a  subject,  and  be  delivered  out  of  my  long  wrongful  im-  ""'^f- 
prisonment,  where  I  have  lien  this  twelve  month  and  this  half,  without  any 
calling  to  answer  before  now,  and  my  living  taken  from  me  without  all  law." 

Roper  : — "  Though  we  have  no  particular  matter  to  charge  you  withal,  yet  ^°  parii- 
we  may,  by  our  commission  and  by  the  law,  drive  you  to  answer  to  the  sus-  ter  but 
picion  of  a  slander  going  on  you :  and,  besides  this,  we  have  statutes  to  charge  suspicion, 
you  herein  withal." 

Philpot : — "  If  I  have  offended  any  statute,  clwrge  me  therewithal ;  and,  if  I 
have  incurred  the  penalty  thereof,  punish  me  accordingly.  And  because  you 
are  magistrates  and  executors  of  the  queen's  majesty's  laws,  by  force  whereof 
you  do  now  sit,  I  desire  that  if  I  be  found  no  notorious  transgressor  of  any  of 
them,  I  may  not  be  burdened  with  more  than  I  have  done." 

Cholmley : — "  If  the  justice  do  suspect  a  felon,  he  may  examine  him  upon 
suspicion  thereof,  and  commit  him  to  prison  though  there  be  no  fault  done." 

Story: — "  I  perceive  whereabout  this  man  goeth  He  is  plain  in  Card- 
maker's  case,  for  he  made  the  selfsame  allegations.  But  they  will  not  serve 
thee  ;  for  thou  art  a  heretic,  and  boldest  against  the  blessed  mass.  How  sayest 
thou  to  that?" 

Philpot : — "  I  am  no  heretic." 

Story : — "  I  will  prove  thee  a  heretic.  Whosoever  hath  holden  against  the 
blessed  mass,  is  a  heretic :  but  thou  hast  holden  against  the  same,  therefore 
thou  art  a  heretic."  ' 

Philpot : — "  That  which  I  spake,  and  which  you  are  able  to  charge  me  withal, 
was  in  the  convocation,  where,  by  the  queen's  majesty's  will  and  her  whole 
council,  liberty  was  given  to  every  man  of  the  house  to  utter  bis  conscience, 
and  to  say  his  mind  freely  of  such  questions  in  religion,  as  there  were  pro])ounded 
by  the  prolocutor ;  for  the  which  now  I  thought  not  to  be  molested  and  impri- 
soned as  I  have  been,  neither  now  be  compelled  of  you  to  answer  to  the  same." 

Story:—"  Thou  shall  go  to  the  Lollards'  Tower,  and  be  handled  there  like  a 
heretic,  as  thou  art ;  and  answer  to  the  same  that  thou  there  didst  speak ;  and 
be  judged  by  the  bishop  of  London." 

Philpot : — "  I  have  already  been  convented  of  this  matter  before  my  lord  philpot 
chancellor  mine  ordinary,  wl>o  this  long  time  hath  kept  me  in  prison.     There-  JI'P'j^'^JI' 
fore,  if  his  lordship  will  take  my  life  away,  as  he  hath  done  my  liberty  and  j°nary? 
living,  he  may  ;  the  wbicli  I  think  he  cannot  do  of  his  conscience,  and  there- 
fore hath  let  me  lie  thus  long  in  prison :  wherefore  I  am  content  to  abide  the 
end  of  him  herein  that  is  mine  ordinary,  and  do  refuse  tiie  auditory  of  tlic 
bishop  of  London,  because  he  is  an  incompetent  judge  for  me,  and  not  mine 
ordinary." 

Story: — "  But  sir,  thou  spakest  words  in  the  convocation-house,  which  is  of 
the  bishop  of  London's  diocese,   and  therefore  thou  shalt  be  carried  to  the 

(I)  The  major  is  not  universally  true;  for  in  the  time  of  IcinR  Edward  ho  thai  spake  against  the 
mass,  as  Philpot  did,  by  those  laws,  was  no  heretic,  but  a  perfect  Chriatian. 


^08  THE    STORY    OF    JOHN    PHILPOT,    MARTYR. 

^f'"-y-     Lollards'  Tower  to  be  judged  by  him  for  the  words  thou  spakest  in  his  diocese 

^      against  the  blessed  mass."  i 
1555'         P^t^¥ot  ■■—"  Sir,  you  know  by  the  law,  that  I  may  have  '  Exceptionem  fori :' 

1,  and  it  is  against  all  equity,  that  1  should  be  twice  vexed  for  one  cause,  and  that 

by  such  as  by  the  law  have  nothing  to  do  with  me." 

Roper :—"  You  cannot  deny,  but  that  you  spake  against  the  mass  in  the 
convocation-house." 

Sfori/ : — "  Dost  thou  deny  that  which  thou  spakest  there,  or  no?" 
P/iilpo( .—"  I  cannot  deny  that  I  have  spoken  there,  and  if  by  the  law  you 
may  put  me  to  death  therefore,  I  am  here  ready  to  suffer  whatsoever  I  shall 
be  judged  unto." 

J7ie  Scribe  : — "  This  man  is  fed  of  vain  glory." 

Cholmley:—"  Play  the  wise  gentleman,  and  be  conformable;  and  be  not 
ubborn  m  your  opmions,  neither  cast  yourself  away.  I  would  be  glad  to  do 
)u  ffood.  ° 


Philpot 
chaxgeA. 
further 


stubborn 
you 


yuu  guuu. 

Philpot

~672 words

the  hearing  of  the 
council." 

CooJc: "Did  the  queen  give  you  leave  to  be  a  heretic?   you  may  be  sure 

her  f'race  will  not  so  do.  Well,  we  will  not  dispute  the  matter  with  you :  my 
lord"of  London  shall  proceed  by  inquisition  upon  thee,  and  if  thou  wilt  not 
recant,  thou  shalt  be  burned." 

Philpot : "  My  lord  of  London  is  not  mine  ordinary  in  this  behalf,  and  I 

have  already  answered  unto  mine  ordinary  in  this  matter ;  and  therefore  (as  I 
have  said  before)  you  shall  do  me  great  wrong,  to  vex  me  twice  for  one  matter, 
since  I  have  sustained  this  long  imprisonment,  besides  the  loss  of  my  living." 

Jtoper: "  You  were  a  very  unmeet  man  to  be  an  archdeacon." 

Philpot :—"  I  know  I  was  as  meet  a  man  as  he  that  hath  it  now." 

Cook-:— "  A  meet  man,  quoth  he!  he  troubled  master  Roper  and  the 
whole  country."  ■  ,       „   ,  ,       , 

Philpot : "  Tliere  was  never  poor  archdeacon  so  handled  at  your  hands  as 

I  am,  and  that  without  any  just  cause  ye  be  able  to  lay  unto  me." 

Cook  : — "  Thou  art  no  archdeacon." 

Philpot  :■—"  I  am  archdeacon  still,  although  another  be  in  possession  of  my  phii,,„t 
living;    for  I  was  never  deprived  by  any  law."         depmcd 

Cook :—"  No  sir ;    that  needeth  not :   for  a  notorious  heretic  should  have  no  archdca- 
ordinary,  proceeding  about  his  deprivation  ;   but  the  bishop  may,  upon  know-  cnnry 
ledge  thereof,  i)roceed  to  deprivation."       .  ,        .        ,        .       TnyMaw. 

Philpot : "Master  doctor,  you  know  that  the  common  law  is  otherwise; 

and  besides  this,  the  statutes  of  tliis  realm  be  otherwise,  which  give  this  benefit 
VOL.    VII.  "  " 


610  THE    STORY    OF    JOHN    PHILPOT,    MARTVR. 

Mary,    to  every  person,  though  he  be  a  heretic,  to  enjoy  his  living  until  he  be  put  to 
death  for  the  same."i 


^-  D-         Cholmleii ;— "  No,  there  thou  art  deceived." 


^555.         Philpot ": — "  Upon  the  living  I  pass  not :  but  the  unjust  dealing  grieveth  me, 
that  I  should  be  thus  troubled  for  my  conscience,  contrary  to  all  law." 

Cholmley  : — "Why,,  will  not  you  agree  that  the  queen's  majesty  may  cause 
you  to  be  examined  of  your  faith  ?" 

Philpot: — "  Ask  you  master  doctor  Cook,  and  he  will  tell  you  that  the  tem- 
poral magistrates  have  nothing  to  do  with  matters  of  faith,  for  determination 
thereof.  And  St.  Ambrose  saith,  that  the  things  of  God  are  not  subject  to  the 
power  and  authority  of  princes."" 

Cook : — "  No  !  may  not  the  temporal  power  commit  you  to  be  examined  of 
your  faith  to  the  bishop?" 

Philpot : — "  Yea,  sir,  I  deny  not  that.  But  you  will  not  grant  that  the  same 
may  examine  any  of  their  own  authority." 

Cook  : — "  Let  him  be  had  away." 

Philpot : — "  Your  mastership  promised  me  the  last  time  I  was  before  you, 
I  should  see  your  commission  by  what  authority  you  do  call  me,  and  whether 
I  by  the  same  be  bound  to  answer  to  so  much  as  you  demand." 

Roper: — "  Let  him  see  the  commission."^ 

Then  the  scribe  exhibited  it  to  master  Roper,  and  was  about  to  open  the 
same. 

Cook : — "  No,  what  will  ye  do  ?  he  shall  not  see  it." 

Philpot : — "  Then  do  you  me  wrong,  to  call  me  and  vex  me,  not  showing 
your  authority  in  this  behalf." 

Cook  : — "  If  we  do  you  wrong,  complain  on  us;  and  in  the  mean  while  thou 
shalt  lie  in  the  Lollards'  Tower." 

Philpot: — "  Sir,  I  am  a  poor  gentleman ;  therefore  I  trust  of  your  gentleness 
you  will  not  commit  me  to  so  vile  and  strait  a  place,  being  found  no  heinous 
trespasser." 

Cook : — "  Thou  art  no  gentleman." 

Philpot: — "Yes,  that  I  am." 

Cook : — "  A  heretic  is  no  gentleman  :  for  he  is  a  gentleman  that  hath  gentle 
conditions." 

Philpot : — "  The  offence  cannot  take  away  the  state  of  a  gentleman  as  long 
as  he  liveth,  although  he  were  a  traitor :  but  I  mean  not  to  boast  of  my  gentle- 
manship,  but  will  put  it  under  my  foot,  since  you  do  no  more  esteem  it." 

Story  : — "  What !  will  you  sufier  this  heretic  to  prate  with  you  all  this  day?" 

Cook : — "  He  saith,  he  is  a  gentleman." 

Story: — "A  gentleman,  quoth  he?  he  is  a  vile  heretic  knave:  for  a 
heretic  is  no  gentleman.  Let

~989 words

for  which  he  was  sorry  :  therefore  he  had  sent  me  and  puupot. 
my  fellows  that  meat,  knowing  whether  I  would  receive  the  same. 

I  thanked  God  for  my  lord's  charity,  that  it  pleased  him  to  remember  poor 
j)risoners,  desiring  Almighty  God  to  increase  the  same  in  him  and  in  all  others; 
and  therefore  I  would  not  refuse  his  beneficence.  And  therewith  took  the  same 
unto  my  brethren,  praising  God  for  his  providence  towards  his  afflicted  flock, 
that  he  stirred  our  adversaries  up  to  help  the  same  in  their  necessity. 

Johnson  : — "  My  lord  would  know  the  cause  of  your  sending  hither  (for  he 
knoweth  nothing  thereof)  ;  and  wondereth  that  he  should  be  troubled  with 
prisoners  of  other  diocese  than  his  own. 

I  declared  unto  him  the  whole  cause.  After  the  which  he  said,  My  lord's 
will  was,  that  I  should  have  any  friendship  I  would  desire :  and  so  departed. 

Within  a  while  after,  one  of  my  lord's  gentlemen  cometh  for  me.     And  I  Bcnner 
was  brought  into  his  presence,  where  he  sat  at  a  table  alone,  with  three  or  four  t".'"^!*'"' 
of  his  chaplains,  waiting  upon  him,  and  his  registrar.  pot. 

Bonner : — "  Master  Philpot,  you  are  welcome;  give  me  your  hand." 

With  that,  because  he  so  gently  put  forth  his  hand,  I,  to  render  courtesy  for 
courtesy,  kissed  my  hand,  and  gave  him  the  same." 

JBonner : — "  I  am  right  sorry  for  your  trouble,  and   I  promise  you  before  it  Bonner 
was  within  these  two  hours,  I'knew  not  of  your  being  here.     I   jjray  you  tell  J."",','^„\^' 
me  what  was  the  cause  of  your  sending  hither;    for  I  promise  you   I   know  inquisitor 
nothing  thereof  as  yet,  neither  would  I  you  should  think,  that  I  was  the  cause  against 
thereof.     And  I  marvel  that  other  men  will  trouble  me  with  their  matters  ;  but  ^^**'  ' 
I  must  be  obedient  to  my  betters ;  and  I  suppose  men  speak  otherwise  of  me 
Lhan  I  deserve." 

I  showed  him  the  sum  of  the  matter:  that  it  was  for  the  di.iputation  in  the 
convocation-house,  for  the  which  I  was,  against  all  right,  molested. 

Bonner : — "  I  marvel  that  you  should  be  troubled  therc-for,  if  there  was 

(I)  This  godly  man  was  Thomas  Whittle,  whose  stery  followcth. 
K    R    2 


612  THE    STORY    OF    JOHN    PIIILPOT,    MARTYR. 

Mary,    none  other  cause  but  this.     But,  peradventure,  you  have  maintained  tlie  same 

—  since,  and  some  of  your  friends  of  late  have  asked  whether  you  do  stand  to  the 

^•^'    same,  and  vou  have  said,   'Yea;'  and  for  this  you  might  be  committed  to 
^^^^-    prison." 

Philpot : — "  If  it  shall  please  your  lordship,  I  am  burdened  none  otherwise 
than  I  have  told  you,  by  the  commissioners,  who  sent  me  hither,  because  I 
would  not  recant  the  same." 

Bonner : — "  A  man  may  speak  in  the  parliament-house,  though  it  be  a  place 
of  free  speech,  so  as  he  may  be  imprisoned  for  it ;  as  in  case  he  speak  words  of 
high-treason  against  the  king  or  queen.  And  so  it  might  be  that  you  spake 
otherwise  than  it  became  you  of  the  church  of  Christ." 

Philpot: — "  I  spake  nothing  which  was  out  of  the  articles,  which  were  called 
in  question,  and  agreed  upon  to  be  disputed  by  the  whole  house,  and  by  the 
queen's  permission  and  the  council." 

Bonner  : — "Why,  may  we  dispute  of  our  faith?" 
Philpot : — "  Yea,  that  we  may."' 
Bonner  : — "  Nay,  I  trow  not,  by  the  law." 

Philpot : — "  Indeed,  by  the  civil  law  I  know  it  is  not  lawful,  but  by  God's 
law,  we  may  reason  thei-eof.     For  St.  Peter  saith,  '  Be  ye  ready  to  render  ac- 
count unto  ail  men  of  that  hope  which  is  in  you,  that  demand  of  you  the  same.'  " 
Bonner  : — "  Indeed,  St.  Peter  saith  so.     Why  then,  I  ask  of  you,  what  your 
judgment  is  of  the  sacrament  of  the  altar?" 
No  man        Philpot : — "  My  lord,  St.  Ambrose  saith,  that  the  disputation  of  faith  ought 
is  bound    ^^  |jg  j,^  ^]^g  congregation,  in  the  hearing  of  the  people,  and  that  I  am  not 
account     bound  to  render  account  thereof  to  every  man  privately,  unless  it  be  to  edify, 
of  his        But  now  I  cannot  show  you  my  mind,  but  I  must  run  upon  the  pikes,  in  danger 
vately""  of  my  life  there-for.     Wherefore,  as  the  said  doctor  said  unto  Valentinian  the 
unless       emperor,  so  I  say  to  your  lordship  :  "  Take  away  the  law,  and  I  shall  reason 
it  be  to      .^ith  you."^     And  yet  if  I  come  in  open  judgment,  where  I  am  bound  by  the 
^'        law  to  answer,  I  trust  I  shall  utter  my  conscience  as  freely  as  any  that  hath 
come  before  you." 

Bo7iner : — "  I  perceive  you  are  learned :  I  would  have  such  as  you  be  about 

me,     But  you  must  come  and  be  of  the  church  ;  for  there  is  but  one  church." 

Philpot : — "  God  forbid  I  should  be  out  of  the  church,  [  am  sure  I  am  within 

One  the  same ;  for  I    know  as  I  am  taught  by  the  Scripture,  that  thei-e  is  but  one 

church,     catholic  church,  one  dove,  one  spouse,  one  beloved  congregation, ^  out  of  the 

which  there  is  no  salvation." 

Bonner  : — "  How  chanceth  it  then,  that  you  go  out  of  the  same,  and  walk 
not  with  us?" 

Philpot : — "  My  lord,  I  am  sure  I  am  within  the  bounds  of  the  churcli 
whereupon  she  is  builded,  which  is  the  word  of  God." 
Bonner  : — "  What  age  are  ye  of?" 
Philpot : — "  I  am  four  and  forty," 
The  faith       Bomier : — "You  are  not  now  of  the  same  faith  your  godfathers  and  god- 
by  wT*^     mothers  promised  for  you,  in  the  which  you  were  baptized." 
godfa-  Philpot : — "  Yes,  I  thank  God  I  am  :  for  I  was  baptized  into  the  faith  of 

tlirfaTth    ^^""^^  ^'"'^^  ^  ""^^  ^°^'^-" 

of  Christ,       Bonner: — "  How  can  that  be  1  there  is  but  one  faith." 

after  his        Philpot : — "  I  am  assured  of  that  by  St.  Paul,  saying,  that  there  is  but  one 

only.         God,  one  faith,  and  one  baptism,  of  the  which  I  am." 

Bonner

~175 words

in  their  beds  of  down. 

Thus  for  the  third  Fit. ^ 

Tlic  Fourth  Examination  of  JNIaster  Philpot  in  the  Archdeacon's 
liouse  of  London,  tlie  said  montli  of  October,  before  tlie  Bisliops 
of  London,  Bath,  Worcester,  and  Gloucester. 

Bonner : — "  Master  Philpot,  it  hath  pleased  my  lords  to  take  pains  here  to- 
day, to  dine  with  my  poor  archdeacon ;  and  in  the  dinner  time  it  chanced  us 
to  have  communication  of  yon,  and  you  were  pitied  here  of  many  that  knew 
you  in  the  New  College  in  Oxford.  And  I  also  do  pity  your  case,  because  you 
seem  unto  me,  by  the  talk  I  had  with  you  the  other  night,  to  be  learned.  And 
therefore  now  1  have  sent  for  you  to  come  before  them,  that  it  might  not  be  said 
hereafter,  that  I  had  so  many  learned  bishops  at  my  house,  and  yet  woidd  not 
vouchsafe  them  to  talk  with  you,  and  at  my  request  (I  thank  them)  they  are 
content  so  to  do.  Now  therefore  utter  your  mind  freely,  and  you  shall  with  all 
favour  be  satisfied.  I  am  sorry  to  see  you  lie  in  so  evil  a  case  as  you  do,  and 
would  fain  you  should  do  better,  as  you  may  if  you  list." 

Bath : — "  My  lords  here  have  not  sent  for  you  to  fawn  upon  you,  but  for 
charity's  sake  to  exhort  you  to  come  into  the  right  catholic  way  of  the  church." 

Worcester

~206 words

you  will  have  me;  since  tha  ^h^h  1 
^pake  in  the  convocation  house,  behigaplace  privileged,  ^f  "'^  "^T  ^^P  ^^l^'^, 

Bonner  .— "  But  master  doctor  Cole,  may  not  I  proceed  against  him  for  that 
offence  he  hath  done  in  my  diocese  .' "'  ,.•<•!      i,«  fn„n,l  m  vonr 

Cole  .—"You  may  caU  him  before  you,  my  lord,  if  he  be  found  m  your 

'^'Tkih'of  — "  But  I  have  by  force  been  brought  out  of  mine  own  diocese  to  Philpot 
my  lorS's   and  require  to  be'judged  of  mine  own  ordinary  • /"^  .f^-^^^ /^    tr..r^ 
know  master  doctor  will  not  say  of  his  knowledge,  that  your  lordship  ouglit  i,,^ 
to  p'oeed  against  me."     And  here  master  doctor  would  say  nothing.  b-shop^^^ 

Worcester:—''  Do  you  not  think  to  find  before  my  lord  here  as  good  equity  ,,.,  ^^^j. 
in  vour  cause   as  before  voiu:  own  ordinary  ?"  ,  .,       ,  /t  "*'^" 

So7-'' I  cannot- blame  my  lord  of  London's  equity,  w.  h  whom  (I 
thanKiflordship)  I  have  found  /nore  gentleness  --^  ^/^-'^^tlf  befoe 
own  ordinary  (I  speak  it  for  no  flattery  this  twelvemonth  and  a  hall  belore, 
who  never  would  call  me  to  answer,  as  his  lordship  hath  done  now  twice.  No 
man  s  forb  d  to  use  his  own  right  due  unto  him.^  But  I  ought  not  to  be  fore- 
stalled of  my  right ;    and  therefore  1  challenge  the  same  for  divers  other  con- 

"'^Bon,7r''-''  Now  you  cannot  say  hereafter  but  that  you  have  been  gently

~496 words

Philpot :—"  I  desire  to  see  the  proof  thereof"  And  upon  this  master 
Harpsfield,  chancellor  to  the  bishop  of  London,  brought  in  a  book  of  Irenreiis, 
with  certain  leaves  turned  in,  and  laid  it  before  the  bishops  to  help  them  in 
their  perplexity,  if  it  might  be :  the  which  after  the  bishops  of  Bath  and  Glou- 
cester had  read  together,  the  bishop  of  Gloucester  gave  me  the  book. 

Gloucester :—"  Take  the  book,  master  Philpot,  and  look  upon  that  place,  and 

there  may  you  see  how  the  church  of  Rome  is  to  be  followed  of  all  men." 

Apiaceof      I  took  the  book,  and  read  the  place,  the  which  after  I  had  read,  I  said  it 

alleged.'    ^?'^^  nothing  against  me,  but  against  the  Arians  and  other  heretics,  against 

whom  Irenajus  wrote,  proving  that  they  were  not  to  be  credited,  because  they 

did  teach  and  follow  after  strange  doctrine  in  Europe;  and  that  the  chief  church 

of  the  same  was  founded  by  Peter  and  Paul,  and  had  to  this  time  continued  by 

faithful  succession  of  the  faithful  bishops  in  preaching  the  true  gospel,  as  they 

The  a^  received  of  the  apostles,  and  nothing  like  to  these  late  sprung  heretics,  etc.  ; 

church  of  ^"erebyhe  concludeth  against  them,  that  they  were  not  to  be  heard,  neither  to 

Rome  not  be  credited.     "  The  which  thing  if  you,  my  lords,  be  able  to  prove  now  of  the 

warifuhe  ''""'■^'^  °^  ^""^'^'   *^^^"   ^^^  yo"  ''IS  good  authority  against  me  in  my  cause 

time  of     now,  as  Irenseus  had  against  those  heretics.     But  the  church  of  Rome  hath 

Irena-us.   swerved  from  the  truth  and  simplicity  of  the  gospel,  which  it  maintained  in 


was, 
to 


Athana- 
sius mis 
alleged. 


<•  f.V  f}'  ^^^'^  twenty  years  before  his  conversion,  and  St.  Peter,  before  his  calling,  were  of  anofh, 
laith  than  they  were  afterwards,  and  yet  it  followeth  not  that  they  would  have  every  year  a  iie 


all 


(2)  The  determination  of  the  primitive  church,  and  of  the  church  of  Rome 


jt  19  now,  IS  not 

(3)  "  Athanasius  was  president  of  the  Nicene  Council."  [The  same  statement  is  made  even  more 
circumstantia  ly  in  the  seventh  examination  ;  but  incorrectly,  as  Hosius,  bishop  of  Cordova  (if 
^A  t"  A  ^''"''^.  'ifsume  that  position,  Athanasius  being  at  that  time  an  archdeacon  :  'AX^far^poc 
„.»,""  ""''^'^'^vaaiif,  Tore  upxi3iaKc<i'(«  SvTi.  Gelas.  ITist.  Cone.  Nic.  lib.  2.  cap.  36.  Tille- 
mont.  Memmrcn  tltst.  Erclusi'is'inue,  torn.  7.  ))t.  2.  p.  r,42.  Kdlt.  12mo,  1715.— Eu. 


HIS    FOURTH    EXAMINATION.  (>17 

IrenrDUs's  time,  and  was  then  uncomipted  from  that  which  it  is  now;  wherefore     Mary. 
your  lordships  cannot  justly  apply  the  authority  of  Irenreus  to  the  church  of  —      — 
Rome  now,  which  is  so  manifestly  corrupted  from  tlie  primitive  church."  ^.  I). 

Bonner : — '*  So  will  you  say  still,  it  maketii  nothing  for  the  pui-pose,  whatso-     ^ •>•''*• 
ever  authority  we  hring,  and  will  never  be  satisfied." 

PltUpol : — "  My  lorcl,  when  I  do  by  just  reason  prove  that  the  authorities 
which  be  brought  against  me  do  not' make  to  the  purpose  (as  I  have  already 
proved),  I  trust  you  will  receive  mine  answer." 

Worcester

~357 words

better  able  to  answer 
him,3  and  I  love  not  to  fiiU  into  disputation ;  for  that  now-a-days  a  man  shall 
but  sustain  shame  and  obloquy  thereby  of  the  people.  I  had  rather  show  my 
mind  in  writing."  ,      , ,  ,  ,  ,        •       r     .i 

PhUpot ;— "  And  I  had  rather  that  you  should  do  so  than  otherwise,  for  then  Reason 
a  man  may  better  judge  of  your  words,  than  by  argument,  and  1  beseecli  you  ^M^^^J 
so  to  do.     But  if  I  were  a  rich  man,  I  durst  wager  a  hundred  pounds,  that  you  ,h;,t  i,, 
shall  not  be  able  to  show  that  you  have  said,  to  be  decreed  by  a  general  councd  Athana- 
in  Athanasiuss  time.    For  this  I  am  sure  of,  that  it  wjls  concluded  by  a  general  ".'jj^^"^,, 
council  in  Africa  many  years  after,  that  none  of  Africa  (under  pam  of  e.xcom-  men  were 
munication)  should  appeal  to  Rome:  the  which  decree  I  am  sure  they  wonld  bm.mUo 
not-  have  made,  if  by  the  Scriptures,  and  by  a  universal  council  it  liad  been  ,,e,enni- 
decreed;  that  all  men  should  abide  and  follow  the  determination  of  the  church  imUm.  of 
of  Rome."  ,    ,   ,  -    „ 

Cole  ;— "  But  I  can  show  that  they  revoked  that  error  again. 
Fhiljjot .— "  So  you  say,  master  doctor  ;  but  I  pray  you  show  me  where.    I 

{!)  I  find  not  in  Eusebius  that  Peter  should  be  bishop  of  Home  twcnty-fiye  years,  but  this  is  in 
Linus.  Hieroin.  lib.  de  Viris  Illust.  and  in  Abdias  lib.  i.  de  Vila  Petri. 
(2)  Hark,  my  lord's  wise  yarable.  (3)  Neither  you  nor  they  are  able  in  this  case. 


618 


THK    STORY    OF    JOHN    PHILPOT,    MARTYR. 


Mary. 

A.D. 

1555. 

Not  the 
law  but 
the  gospel 


gether. 


dred 
priests 
against 
one  Elia 


have  hitherto  heard  nothing  of  you  for  my  contentation,  but  bare  words  without 
any  authority." 

Bonner : — "  What,  I  pray  you,  ought  we  to  dispute  with  you  of  our  faith? 
Justinian  in  the  law  hath  a  title,  'De  fide  Catholica,'  to  the  contrary." 

Philpot : — "  I  am  certain  the  civil  law  hath  such  a  constitution  :  but  our  faith 
must  not  depend  upon  the  civil  law;  for,  as  St.  Ambrose  saith,  '  Not  the  law, 
but  the  gospel  hath  gathered  the  church  together.'"' 

Worcester .- — "  Master

~186 words

doctrine  out  of  God's  book." 

Worcester  : — "  Do  you  think  the  universal  church  may  be  deceived?" 
Philpot: — "  St.  Paul  to  the  Thessalonianss  prophesieth  that  thei-e  should 
come  a  universal  departing  from  the  faith  in  the  latter  days,  before  the  coming 
of  Christ;  saying,  *  Christ  shall  not  come,  till  there  come  a  departing  first.'  "* 

Cole  : — "  Yea,  I  pray  you,  how  take  you  the  departing  there  in  St.  Paul  ?  It 
is  not  meant  of  faith,  but  of  the  departing  from  the  empire  :  for  it  is  in  Greek, 
diToaraaia. 

Philpot : — "  Marry  indeed  you,  master  doctor,  put  me  in  good  remembrance 
of  the  meaning  of  St.  Paul  in  that  place,  for  '  apostasia'  is  properly  a  departing 
from  the  faith,  and  thereof  cometh  '  apostata,'  which  properly  signifieth  one 
that  departeth  from  his  faith  :  and  St.  Paul  in  the  same  place  after,  speaketh  of 
the  decay  of  the  empire." 

Cole  : — "  '  Apostasia '  doth  not  only  signify  a  departing  from  the  faith,  but 
also  from  the  empire,  as  I  am  able  to  show." 

Philpot : — "  I  never  read  it  so  taken  ;  and  when  you  shall  be  able  to  show  it 
(as  you  say  in  woi-ds),  I  will  believe  it,  and  not  before." 

Worcester : — "  I

~249 words

and 
thereto  they  put  their  bands.     And  after  this  1  was  earned  to  my  coal-house 

^^^Thu^  endeth  the  fourth  part  of  this  tragedy.     God  hasten  the  end  thereof 
to  his  glory,  Amen. 

John  Philpot  to  certain  that  required  him  to  write  his  E.^caniination.s. 
Because  I  have  begun  to  write  unto  you  of  mine  examinations  before  the 
bishop  and  others,  more  to  satisfy  your  desire  than  that  U  is  any  thing  worthy 
to  e  written;  I  have  thought  it  good  to  write  unto  you  also  that  which  had 
been  done  of  late,  that  the  same  might  come  to  light  which  they  do  m  darkness 

T>  V  on  ij'jci   .n  Anril2f.   1442      It  was  a  contihuntion  of  thnt  of  Ft-mra,  wliicl)  Opened 
lasted  from  Feh^2a,  H.-!'J.  to  Ap"'26.  mz.     ii    !^  ^^^^  ^^^  ^^^^  cliiof  objects  of 

in  Jan.  14.38.     The  reun.on  of  1  e  Ore  k  a^^     I^  ^^  ,,^.   ,„„  „f  „^^    ,,3,    ^„j  ^„^ 

|w^eS"uinlh  andtt  i^Ma""!  .4T""L'cc  Nichola*'.  Chronology.  Lond.  1833.  p.  •^2.-E..J 


620 


THE    STORY    OF    JOHN    PHILPOT, 


Mary,    and  ill  privy  corners,  and  tliat  the  world  now  and  the  posterity  hereafter  might 

know  how  unorderly,  unjustly,  and  unlearnedly  these  ravening  wolves  do  pro- 

A-  D,    ceed  against  the  silly  and  faithful  flock  of  Christ,  and  condemn  and  persecute 
1555.    tiie  sincere  doctrine  of  Christ  in  us,  which  they  are  not  able  by  honest  means  to 
resist,  but  only  by  tyranny  and  violence. 


Philpot 
ready  to 
yield  his 
life  in 
Clirist's 
cause. 


Philpot's 
just  de- 
fence for 
speaking 
in  the 
parlia- 
ment. 


The  Fifth  Examination  of  John  Philpot,  had

~5,053 words

Lord  of  London's  Palace. 

Bonner : — "  Master  Philpot,  come  you  hither.  I  have  desired  my  lords  here, 
and  other  learned  men  to  take  some  pains  once  again,  and  to  do  you  good. 
And  because  I  do  mind  to  sit  in  judgment  on  you  to-morrow  (as  1  am  com- 
manded), yet  I  would  you  should  have  as  much  favour  as  I  can  show  you,  if 
you  will  be  any  thing  conformable.  Thereibre  play  the  wise  man,  and  be  not 
singular  in  your  own  opinion,  but  be  ruled  by  these  learned  men." 

Philpot : — "  My  lord,  in  that  you  say  you  will  sit  on  me  in  judgment  to- 
morrow, I  am  glad  thereof ;  for  I  was  promised  by  them  which  sent  me  unto 
you,  that  I  should  have  been  judged  the  next  day  after :  but  promise  hath  not 
been  kept  with  me,  to  my  farther  grief.  I  look  for  none  other  but  death  at 
your  hands,  and  I  am  as  ready  to  yield  my  life  in  Christ's  cause,  as  you  be  to 
require  it." 

Bonner: — "  Lo  what  a  wilful  man  is  this  !  By  my  faith  it  is  but  folly  to  rea- 
son with  him,  neither  with  any  of  these  heretics.  I  am  sorry  that  you  will  be 
no  more  tractable,  and  that  I  am  compelled  to  show  extremity  against  you."' 

Philpot: — "  My  lord,  you  need  not  to  show  extremity  against  me,  unless  you 
list :  neither  by  the  law  (as  1  have  said)  have  you  any  thing  to  do  with  me,  for 
that  you  are  not  mine  ordinarv,  albeit  I  am  (contrary  to  all  right)  in  your 
prison." 

Bonner : — "  Why  the  queen's  commissioners  sent  you  hither  unto  me  upon 
your  examination  had  before  them.  I  know  not  well  the  cause  ;  but  I  am  sure 
they  would  not  have  sent  you  hither  to  me,  unless  you  had  made  some  talk  to 
them,  otherwise  than  it  becometh  a  christian  man."^ 

Philpot : — "  My  lord,  indeed  they  sent  me  hither  without  any  occasion  then 
ministered  by  me.  Only  they  laid  unto  me  the  disputation  I  made  in  the  con- 
vocation-house, requiring  me  to  answer  the  same,  and  to  recant  it.  The  which 
because  I  would  not  do,  they  sent  me  hither  to  your  lordship." 

Boniier : — "  Why  did  you  not  answer  them  thereto?" 

Philpot: — "  For  that  they  were  temporal  men,  and  ought  not  to  be  judges 
in  spiritual  causes  whereof  they  demanded  me,  without  showing  any  authority 
whereby  I  was  bound  to  answer  them ;  and  hereupon  they  committed  me  to 
your  prison." 

Bonner: — "  Indeed  I  remember  now,  you  maintained  open  heresy  in  my 
diocese  :  wherefore  the  commissioners  sent  you  unto  me,  that  I  should  proceed 
against  you,  for  that  you  have  spoken  in  my  diocese." 

Philpot : — "  My  lord,  I  stand  still  upon  my  lawful  plea  in  this  behalf;  tliat 
though  it  were  as  great  a  heresy  as  you  suppose  it,  yet  I  ought  not  to  be  troubled 
therefore,  in  respect  of  the  privilege  of  the  parliament-house,  whereof  the  con- 
vocation-house is  a  member,  where  all  men  in  matters  propounded  may  frankly 
speak  their  minds.  And  here  is  present  a  gentleman  of  the  queen's  majesty's 
that  was  present  at  the  disputation,  and  can  testify  that  the  questions  which  were 
then  in  controversy  were  not  set  forth  by  me,  but  by  the  prolocutor,  who  re- 
quired, in  the  queen's  majesty's  name,  all  men  to  dispute  their  minds  freely  in 
the  same,  that  were  of  the  house." 

The  Queens  Gentleman: — "  Though  the  parliament-house  be  a  place  of  pri- 
vilege for  men  of  the  house  to  speak,  yet  may  none  speak  any  treason  against 
the  queen,  or  maintain  ti-eason  against  the  crown." 

(1)  Bishop  Conner  seeketh  cause  against  him,  and  yet  pretendeth  to  be  sorry  of  his  trouble. 

(2)  It  were  the  matter  of  a  charitable  bishop  to  make  a  matter  better  and  not  worse. 


ins    FTFTII    EXAMINATION. 


621 


Pliilpot  — "  But  if  there  be  any  matter  which-  otherwise  it  were  treason  to    iifary. 
;peak  of,  were  it  treason  for  any  person  to  speak  therein,  specially  the  thnig    j-^ 
being  proposed  by  the  speaker  ?     I  think  not."  ,  '     ' 

'file  Queens  Gentleman .— "  You  may  make  the  matter  easy  enough  to  you  ±:^:_ 
yet,  as  I  perceive,  if  you  will  revoke  the  same  which  you  did  there  so  stub- 
bornly maintain."  ^  .  ., 

St  Jsaph  — "  This  man  did  not  speak  under  reformation,  as  many  there 
did,  but  a-yconari/ca-j  and  Karnyop.Kwi,  which  is,  earnestly  and  persuasibly,  as  ever 

p!'l/pot!^-"  My  lords,  since  you  will  not  cease  to  trouble  me  for  that  I  have  Philpot^^ 
lawfully  done,  neither  will  admit  my  just  defence  for  that  was  spoken  m  the  ,„  „,g 
convocation-house  by  me,  contrary  to  the  laws  and  custom  of  the  realm;   I  an-  >*-l,ole 
peal  to  the  whole  parliament-house,  to  be  judged  by  the  same,  whether  I  ought  V^l^^- 
thus  to  be  molested  for  that  I  have  there  spoken."  •  ,    .  *"'"*"'• 

Rochester  .•— "  But  have  you  spoken  and  maintained  the  same  since  that 

"  P//(>o< .— "  If  any  man  can  charge  me  justly  therewith,  here  I  stand  to 

^^^JiocTes]er .'—"  How  say  you  to  it  now  ?  will  you  stand  to  that  you  have  spoken 
in  the  convocation-house,  and  do  you  think  you  said  then  well,  or  no  ?' 

Philpot  — "  My  lord,  you  are  not  mine  ordinary  to  proceed  ex  officio  against 
me   and  therefore  I  am  not  bound  to  tell  you  my  conscience  of  your  demands. 

St  Asaph  — "  What  say  you  now  ?  Is  there  not  in  the  blessed  sacrament  ot 
the  altar  [and  with  that  they  put  off  all  their  caps  for  reverence  of  that  idol]  the 
presence  of  our  Saviour  Christ,  really  and  substantially  alter  the  words  of  con- 

^^"^^PhUpot  — "  I  do  believe  in  the  sacrament  of  Christ's  body,  duly  ministered, 

to  be  such  manner  of  presence,  as  the  word  teacheth  me  to  believe." 

5«.  ^«a«/t  .— "  I  pray  you  how  is  that  ?"  t    i    n  i     i      r  11  - 

Philpot—"  \s  for  that  I  will  declare  another  time,  when  I  shall  be  lawtull> 

called  to  dispute  my  mind  of  this  matter,  but  I  am  not  yet  driven  to  that  point. 

And  the  Scripture  saith,  'All  things  ought  to  be  done  after  an  order. 
Another  Bishop  .— "  This  is  a  froward  and  vain-g  orious  man. 
Bonner.—"  It  is  not  lawful  for  a  man  by  the  civd  laws  to  dispute  of  his 
^,  ....1.  ..  U  nnneareth  in  the  title  '  Dc  summa  Trinitate  et  fide  Catholica. 


faith 


th  openly,  as  it  appeareth  in  the  title  '  Dc  summa  Trinitate  et  fide  Ca 
Philpot  •— "  My  lord,  I  have  answered  you  to  this  question  before. 
Bonner  .•— "  Why,  I  never  asked  thee  of  this  before  now.' 
Philvot  — "  Yes,  that  you  did  at  my  last  examination,  by  that  token  I  an- 
swered your  lordship  by  St.  Ambrose,  that  the  church  is  congregated  by  the 
vord  and  not  by  man's  law.  Wherefore  I  add  now  further  of  this  saying, 
'St  he  which  refuseth  the  word,  and  ohjecteth  the  law,  is  an  unjust  man, 
because  the  just  shall  live  by  faith.'"^  And  moreover,  my  lord  the  title  which 
vour  lordship  allegeth  out  of 'the  law,  maketh  it  not  unlawful  to  dispute  of  all 
tbp  articles  of  the  faith,  but  of  the  Trinity."  ,       ,     ,      ,    , 

/o  »t  -''  Thou  liest,  it  is  not  so  :  and  I  will  show  you  by  the  book  how 
isrnora  It  he  is."  And  with  that  he  went  with  all  haste  to  Ins  study,  and  fetched 
Zhol  and  openly  read  the  text,  and  the  tide  of  the  law ;  and  charged  me 
with  such  words  as  seemed  to  make  for  his  purpose,  saying,  "  How  sayest  thou 

*°Pm1<  — "  My  lord,   I  say  as  I  said  before,  that  the  law  meaneth  of  the 
cathoiic  fli'th,  detennincd  in  th'e  council  of  Chalcedon,3  where  the  articles  of  the 

^'tiZ'^^'^^^riost  beast  that  ever  I  heard;  I  must  needs 

''t^^  Z^^^^^  y-  picture  ofme:  ^t  what  .  tliis  o.  .... 
to  the  nurpose  which  your  lordship  is  so  earnest  in  ?  You  know  that  our  faith  is  ^„^„„^.j 
;:o?grSunS  upon  th'e  civil  law:\herefore  it  is  not  material  to  me  whaUoever  „,.„  o. 

'^"BZeft"  By  what  law  wilt  thou  be  judged?     Wilt  ihou  be  judged  by  the 
common  law  ?" 
(1)  This  bishop  belike  would  fain  have  blood 


l^^i^^l'L^m  r^iZS  el"  S  ^'t-  '"Justus  est.  quia  justu,  ex  fide  vivet,"-A.nb. 
■pist.  3(  ■     ■       ""' 

(3)  Anno  41 


(2)  ■'  wiiwu  »'  i»u^"»  ..-I'— ' 

lib.  V.  epist.  30.  Eodem  cont.  Auxentium. 

Anno  451 ;  apud  Labbe,  vol.  iv.  actio  lb.  col.  SI.'.-Ed 


A.D. 

1555. 


THE    STORY    OF    JOHN    PHILPOT,    MARTYR. 

Philpot : — "  No,  my  lord,  our  faith  dependeth  not  upon  the  laws  of  man." 

St.  Asaph : — ♦'  He  will  be  judged  by  no  law,  but  as  he  listeth  himself." 
Worcester : — "  The  common  laws  are  but  abstracts  of  the  Scriptures  and 
doctors." 

Philpot : — "  Whatsoever  you  do  make  them,  they  are  no  ground  of  my  faith, 
by  the  which  I  ought  to  be  judged." 

Bonner: — "  I  must  needs  proceed  against  thee  to-morrow." 

Philpot : — "  If  your  lordship  so  do,  I  will  have  exceptionem  fori :  for  you 
are  not  my  competent  judge."' 

Bonner : — "  By  what  law  canst  thou  refuse  me  to  be  thy  judge?" 

Philpot: — "  By  the  civil  law,  De  competentejudice." 

Bonner : — "  There  is  no  such  title  in  the  law.  In  what  book  is  it,  as  cunning 
a  lawyer  as  you  be  ?" 

Philpot : — "  My  lord,  I  take  upon  me  no  great  cunning  in  the  law  :  but  you 
drive  me  to  my  shifts  for  my  defence.  And  I  am  sure,  if  I  had  the  books  of  the 
law,  I  were  able  to  show  what  I  say."  ^ 

Bonner : — "  What  ?  De  competentejudice  ?  I  will  go  fetch  thee  my  books. 
There  is  a  title  indeed,  De  officiis  judicis  Ordinarii."^ 

Philpot : — "  Verily  that  is  the  same  De  competente  judice,  which  I  have 
alleged."  With  that  he  ran  to  his  study,  and  brought  the  whole  course  of  the 
law  between  his  hands,  which  (as  it  might  appear)  he  had  well  occupied,  by  the 
dust  they  were  imbrued  withal. 

Bonner: — "  There  be  the  books :  find  it  now  (if  thou  canst),  and  I  will  pro- 
mise to  release  thee  out  of  prison." 

Philpot : — "  My  lord,  I  stand  not  here  to  reason  matters  of  the  civil  law, 
although  I  am  not  altogether  ignorant  of  the  same ;  for  that  I  have  been  a 
student  in  the  law  six  or  seven  years  :  but  to  answer  to  the  articles  of  faith, 
with  the  which  you  may  lawfully  burden  me.  And  whereas  you  go  about  un- 
lawfiilly  to  proceed,  I  challenge,  according  to  my  knowledge,  the  benefit  of  the 
law  in  my  defence." 

Bonner : — "  Why,  thou  wilt  answer  directly  to  nothing  thou  art  charged 

withal :  therefore  say  not  hereafter  but  you  might  have  been  satisfied  here  by 

learned  men,  if  you  would  have  declared  your  mind." 

Philpot         Philpot : — "  My  lord,  I  have  declared  my  mind  unto  you  and  to  other  of  the 

a^'nin'to^  bishops  at  my  last  being  before  you,  desiring  you  to  be  satisfied  but  of  one  thing, 

hTs  ques-    whereunto  I  have  referred  all  other  controversies  :  the  which  if  your  lordships 

tionofthe  now,  or  other  learned  men  can  simply  resolve  me  of,  I  am  as  contented  to  be 

c  urci.     reformable  in  all  things,  as  you  shall  require;  the  which  is  to  prove  that  the 

church  of  Rome  (whereof  you  are)  is  the  catholic  church." 

Coventry : — "  Why,  do  you  not  believe  your  creed,  *  Credo  ecclesiam  calho- 
licam  ? '  " 

Philpot : — "  Yes,  that  I  do  :  but  I  cannot  understand  Rome  (wherewithal 
you  burden  us)  to  be  the  same,  neither  like  to  it." 

St.  Asaph : — "  It  is  most  evident  that  St.  Peter  did  build  the  catholic  church 
at  Rome.*  And  Christ  said,  *  Tu  es  Petrus,  et  super  banc  petram  asdificabo 
ecclesiam  meam.'  Moreover,  the  succession  of  bishops  in  the  see  of  Rome  can 
be  proved  from  time  to  time,  as  it  can  be  of  none  other  place  so  well,  which  is 
a  manifest  probation  of  the  catholic  church,  as  divers  doctors  do  write." 

Philpot : — "  That  you  would  have  to  be  undoubted,  is  most  uncertain,  and 
that  by  the  authority  which  you  allege  of  Christ,  saying  unto  Peter,  '  Thou  art 
Peter,  and  upon  this  rock  I  will  build  my  church,'  unless  you  can  prove  the  rock 
to  signify  Rome,  as  you  would  make  me  falsely  believe.  And  although  you 
can  prove  the  succession  of  bishops  from  Peter,  yet  this  is  not  sufficient  to  prove 
J  Rome  the  catholic  church,  unless  you  can  prove  the  profession  of  Peter's  faith, 
whereupon  the  catholic  church  is  builded,  to  have  continued  in  his  successors 
at  Rome,  and  at  this  present  to  remain." 

Bonner : — "  Is  there  any  more  churches  than  one  catholic  church?  And  I 
pray  you  tell  me  into  what  faith  were  you  baptized  ? " 

(1)  Philpot  still  standeth  to  his  defence  of  the  law,  in  refusing  the  judge  not  to  be  competent 

(2)  De  foro  competente,  is  a  title  in  the  second  book  of  the  Decretals. 

(3)  De  officio  Ordinarii,  is  a  title  in  the  first  book  of  the  Decretals. 

(4)  That  Peter  did  build  the  church  of  Rome  it  is  false,  for  both  the  Scripture  saith,  that  Peter 
was  set  over  the  circumcised,  and  not  over  the  Gentiles ;  and  also  it  is  to  be  proved  by  Orosius, 
Suetonius,  Tcrtullian,  and  other  stories,  that  the  faith  of  Christ  was  in  Rome  in  Tiberius's  time, 
before  Peter  ever  saw  Rome. 


HIS    FIFTH    EXAMIXATIOX.  G23 

Pkilpot : — "  I  acknowledge  one  holy  catholic  and  apostolic  church,  whereof    Mar,,, 
I  am  a  member  (I  praise  God),  and  am  of  that  catholic  church  of  Christ  where-  — - — 
into  I  was  baptized."  i  r'sV 

Coventry: — "  I  pray  you,  can  you  tell  what  this  word  '  catholic'  doth  sig-    ^•^^^' 
nify  ?  show,  if  you  can." 

Philpot : — "  Yes  that  I  can,  I  thank  God.    The  catholic  faith,  or  the  catholic  The 
church,  is  not  as  now  a  days  the  people  be  taught,  to  be  that  which  is  most  l?^Pj-'s 
universal,  or  of  most  part  of  men  received,  whereby  you  do  infer  our  faith  to  i,angeth 
hang  upon  the  multitude,  which  is  not  so :  but  I  esteem  the  catholic  church  to  u|)on  the 
be  as  St.  Augustine  defineth  the  same :  '  We  judge,'  saith  he,  'the  catholic  faith,  ["^Jj^"" 
of  that  whicii  hath  been,  is,  and  shall  be.''     So  that  if  you  can  be  able  to  prove  j,jj^'^  ^^_ 
that  your  faith  and  church  hath  been  from  the  beginning  taught,  and  is,  and  tholica. 
shall  be,  then  may  you  count  yourselves  catholic  :  otherwise  nut.     And  catholic 
is  a  Greek  word  compounded  of  Kara,  which  signifieth  after  or  according,  and 
oKov,  a  sum,  or  principal  or  whole.    So  that  catholic  church,  or  catholic  faith,  i.s 
as  much  to  say,  as  the  first,  whole,  sound,  or  chiefest  faith." 

Bonner: — "  Doth  St.  Augustine  say  so  as  he  allegeth  it?  or  doth  he  mean  as 
he  taketh  the  same?  how  say  you,  master  Ciurtop?" 

Curtop  .•— "  Indeed,  my  lord,  St.  Augustine  hath  such  a  saying,  speaking 
against  the  Donatists,  that  the  catholic  faith  ought  to  be  esteemed  of  things  in 
time  past,  and  as  they  are  practised  according  to  the  same,  and  ought  to  be 
through  all  ages  ;  and  not  after  a  new  manner,  as  the  Donatists  began  to  profess." 

Philpot : — "  You  have  said  well,  master  Curtop,  and  after  the  meaning  of 
St.  Augustine,  and  to  confirm  that  which  I  have  said  for  the  signification  of 
catholic." 

Coventry : — "  Let  the  book  be  seen,  my  lord." 

Bonner : — "  I  prav  you,  my  lord,  be  content,  or  in  good  faith  I  will  break 
even  off  and  let  all  alone.  Do  you  think  the  catholic  church  (until  it  was 
within  these  few  years,  in  the  which  a  few  upon  singularity  have  swerved  from 
the  same)  have  erred?" 

Philpot :— "  I  do  not  think  that  the  catholic  church  can  err  in  doctrine  ;  but 
I  require  you  to  prove  this  church  of  Rome  to  be  the  catholic  church." 

Cnrtop  :—"  I  can  prove  that  Irenaeus  (which  was  within  a  hundred  years 
after  Christ)  came  to  Victor,  then  bishop  of  Rome,  to  ask  his  advice  about  the 
excommunication  of  certain  heretics,-  the  which  he  would  not  have  done  (by  all 
likelihood)  if  he  had  not  taken  him  to  be  supreme  head." 

Coventry : — "  Mark  well  this  argument.  How  are  you  able  to  answer  the 
same  ?     Answer,  if  you  can." 

Philpot : — "  It  is  soon  answered,  my  lord,  for  that  it  is  of  no  force ;  neither 
this  fact  of  IrenaBus  maketh  no  more  for  the  supremacy  of  the  bishop  of  Rome 
than  mine  hath  done,  which  have  been  at  Rome  as  well  as  he,  and  might  have 
spoken  with  the  pope,  if  I  had  list :  and  yet  I  would  none  in  England  did 
favour  his  supremacy  more  than  I." 

St.  Asaph  : — "  You  are  the  more  to  blame  (by  the  faith  of  my  body),  for  that 
you  favour  the  same  no  better,  since  all  the  catholic  church  (until  these  few 
years)  have  taken  him  to  be  the  supreme  head  of  the  church,  besides  this  good 
"man  Irenaeus."  ... 

Philpot ;— "  That  is  not  likely,  that  Irenseus  so  took  him,  or  the  primitive  Seve^^ 
church:  for  I  am  able  to  show  seven  general  councils  after  Irenaeus's  time,  f^^^^^^ 
wherein  he  was  never  so  taken  ;  which  may  be  a  sufficient  proof  that  the  in  which 
catholic  primitive  church  never  took  him  for  supreme  head."  of  alme'' 

The  other  bishop  : — "  This  man  will  never  be  satisfied,  say  what  we  can.     It  was  never 
is  but  folly  to  reason  anv  more  with  him."  '"''^ma' 

Philpot .— "  Oh  my  brds,  would  you  have  me  satisfied  with  nothing?  Judge,  J^^Pj""" 
I  pray  you,  who  of  us  hath  better  authority,  he  which  bnngcth  the  example  of 
one  man  going  to  Rome,  or  I  that  by  these  many  general  councils  am  able  to 
prove,  that  he  was  never  so  taken  in  many  hundred  years  after  Christ,  as  by 
the  Nicene,  the  first  and  second  Ephesine,  the  Clialcedouian,  the  Constantino- 
politan,  the  Carthaginian,  and  that  at  Aquileia."* 

(1)  '•yEstiraarausfidemcatholicam  d  rebus  prtEtcritis,  pracsciitibus.ctfiifuris.'' 

(2)  Where  master  Curtop  finds  this  I  cannot  say;  but  tliis  I  find,  that  husebius  doth  report  that 
Irenjeus  did  reprove  Victor,  bishop  of  Rome,  for  his  rash  sentence  in  excommunicating  the  churches 
of  (ireece  concerninp  the  observation  of  the  feast  of  Easter.    Euscb.  lib.  v.  cap.  26. 

(3)  Socr.  lib.  v.  c.  22. 


624  THE    STOUY    OF    JOHN    PHILPOT,    MARTYR. 

Mary.         Coventry  :—"  Why  will  you  not  admit  the  church  of  Rome  to  be  the  catholic 
church  ?'" 


A.  D.         Philpot : "  Because  it  followeth  not  the  primitive  catholic  chiu-ch,  neither 

1555.    agreeth  with  the  same,  no  more  than  an  apple  is  like  a  nut." 
ijT  Coventry : — "  Wherein  doth  it  dissent  ? " 

church  of  Philpot':—''  It  were  too  long  to  recite  all,  but  two  things  I  will  name,  the 
Romedis-  supremacy  and  transubstantiation." 

from  the  Curt  op  .-—"As  for  transubstantiation,  albeit  it  was  set  forth  and  decreed  for 
primitive  an  article  of  faith  not  much  above  three  hundi-ed  years,  yet  it  was  always 
church.     ]jeiieved  in  the  church." 

Bonner:  —  "  Yea,  that  was  very  well  said  of  you,  master  Curtop." 
Transub-  Philpot : — "  Ye  have  said  right,  that  transubstantiation  is  but  a  late  planta- 
stantia-  tion  of  the  bishop  of  Rome,  and  you  are  not  able  to  show  any  ancient  writer, 
tionisbut  ^i^^^  ^^^  primitive  church  did  believe  any  such  thing  :"  and  with  this  Curtop 
pla^ita-  shrank  away.  And  immediately  after  the  ambassador  of  Spain  came  in,  to  whom 
tion.  ipy  lord  of  London  went,  leaving  the  other  with  me.     To  whom  I  said,  "  My 

Philpot      lords,  if  you  can  show  me  that  this  church  of  Rome  (whereof  you  are  mem- 
again"to     bers)  is  the  true  catholic  church,   I  shall  be  content  to  be  one  thereof,  and  as 
his  issue,  conformable  to  the  same  as  you  can  require  me  in  all  things ;  for  I  know  there 
is  no  salvation  but  within  the  church." 

Coventry : — "  Can  you  disprove  that  the  church  of  Rome  is  not  the  catholic 

church  1" 

Rome  is        Philpot : — "  Yea,  that  I  am  able,  but  I  desire  rather  to  hear  of  you  for  the 

not  the      proof  thereof.     And  seeing  I  cannot  have  my  request  at  your  hands,  neither 

'^h"'°h°     ^^  satisfied  with  any  probable  authority,  I  will  show  you  good  proof  why  it  is 

and  wli'y.  not.     For  if  the  primitive  church  were  catholic,  as  it  was  indeed,  and  ought  to 

be,  the  form  and  school-mistress  of  the  church  to  the  world's  end;  then  is  not 

the  church  of  Rome  now  the  catholic  church,  which  dissenteth  so  far  from  the 

same  both  in  doctrine  and  use  of  the  sacraments." 

Coventry : — "  How  prove  you  that  the  church  of  Rome  now  dissenteth  in 
doctrine  and  use  of  the  sacraments  from  the  primitive  church?" 

Philpot : — "  Compare  the  one  with  the  other,  and  it  shall  soon  appear ;  as 
you  may  see  both  in  Eusebius  and  other  ecclesiastical  and  ancient  writers." 

Coventry  : — "  What  have  you  to  say  more,  why  it  is  not  the  catholic 
church  ?" 
The  faith  Philpot : — "  Because  it  is  not  (by  your  interpretation  of  catholic)  universal, 
of  the  neither  ever  was,  albeit  you  falsely  persuade  the  people  that  it  is  so.  For  the 
church  world,  being  divided  into  three  parts,  Asia,  Aftica,  and  Europe,  two  parts 
now,  was  thereof,  Asia  and  Africa,  professing  Christ  as  well  as  we,  did  never  consent  to 
the  church  of  Rome,  which  is  of  "  -  -  -    -  ~  - 

your  faith  was  never  universal." 

Coventry : — "  How  prove  you  that?" 

Philpot : — "  All  the  historiographers,  which  write  of  the  proceedings  of  the 
church,  do  testify  the  same.  Besides  that,  this  present  time  doth  declare  that 
to  be  true,  which  I  say :  for  at  this  present  the  church  of  Asia  and  Africa  do  not 
consent  to  the  church  of  Rome.  Yea  and  besides  all  this,  most  part  of  Europe 
doth  not  agree,  neither  allow  the  church  of  Rome  ;  as  Germany,  the  kingdom  of 
Denmark,  the  kingdom  of  Poland,  a  great  part  of  France,  England,  and  Zea- 
land, which  is  a  manifest  probation  that  your  church  is  not  universal." 

And  after  this,  the  bishop  of  London  called  away  the  other  bishops,  and  left 
with  me  divers  gentlemen,  with  certain  of  his  chaplains,  as  Dr.  Saverson  an 
Englishman,  who  had  proceeded  doctor  at  Bologna,  who  after  began  with  me  in 
this  matter. 

IJr.  Saverson : — "  Master  Philpot,  I  remember  you  beyond  sea  since  the 
time  you  reasoned  with  a  friar  (a  notable  learned  man),  coming  from  Venice  to 
Padua  in  a  barge." 

Philpot:—"!  cannot  forget  that;  for  the  friar  threatened  me  to  accuse  me 
of  heresy  as  soon  as  he  came  to  Padua,  for  that  I  talked  with  him  so  boldly  of 
tlie  truth.  He  was  no  such  learned  man  as  you  name  him  to  be,  but  only  in 
his  school  points  a  good  purgatory  friar." 

Dr.  Saverson  : — "  Well,  he  was  a  learned  man  for  all  that.  And  I  am  sorry 
to  hear  that  you  this  day,  having  communed  with  so  many  notable  learned  men, 
are  no  more  conformable  to  them  than  you  be." 


HIS  Firrn  examimatiox.  g25 

Philpot : — "  I  will  be  conformable  to  all  tlu-m  that  be  conformable  to  Cbrist  in    Mary. 

his  word.     And  1  pray  you,  good  nuister  doctor,  be  not  so  conformable  to  please ^^- 

men  more  than  God,  contrary  to  your  learning,  for  worldly  estimation's  sake."      •^- ^• 

Dr.  Saverson  .  — "  No,  that  I  am  not.     Upon  what  occasion  should  you  think     *•"*•"'■"'• 
tluisofme?" 

Philpot : — "  Upon  no  evil  that  I  do  know  of  you,  master  doctor;  but  I  speak 
as  one  wishing  that  you  should  not  be  led  away  from  the  truth  for  promotion's 
sake,  as  many  doctors  be  now-a-days." 

Dr.  Sarerson : — "  I  have  heard  your  arguments  hitherto,  and  me  thinketh 
that  a  great  many  of  the  old  ancient  writers  be  against  you  in  that  you  do  not 
allow  the  church  of  Rome,  neitlier  tlie  supremacy;  for  St.  Cyprian  (who  is  an 
old  ancient  writer)  doth  allow  the  bishop  of  Rome  to  be  supreme  head  of  the 
church." 

Philpot: — "  That  I  am  sure  of  he  doth  not :  for  he,  writing  unto  Cornelius,  then 
bishop  of

Cut continues beyond the first 4,000 words shown here — about 1,053 more in the scan at the link above.

~179 words

to  argue  with  this  heretic  ;  he  is  drowned 
n  his  heresies,  without  all  learning." 

Philpot : — "  Sir,  I  have  brought  you,  for  that  I  have  said,  good  authority 
)ut  of  God's  book,  to  the  which  you  answer  nothing,  but  go  about  still  to  give 
■ailing  judgment  against  me,  without  any  cause." 

Story : — "  I  will  come  to  you  by  and  by.  When  the  judge  at  Westminster 
3all  giveth  sentence,  doth  the  word  give  sentence,  or  the  judge?  tell  me." 

Philpot : — "  Civil  matters  be  subject  to  civil  men  ;  and  they  have  authority  God's 
)y  the  word,  to  be  judges  of  them.     But  the  word  of  (iod  is  not  subject  to  JudRincnt 
nan's  judgment,  but  ought  to  judge  all  the  wisdom,  thoughLs,  and  doings  of  j"",|J^^.'„t 
nen  ;  and  therefore  your  comparison  disproveth  nothing  that  1  have  said,  neither  not  alike, 
mswereth  any  whit  thereto." 

Ston/ : — "  Wilt  thou  not  allow  the  interpretation  of  the  church  upon  the 
kriptures?" 

Philpot : — "  Yes,  if  it  be  according  to  the  word  of  the  true  church  :  and  this  The  judg- 
[  say  to  you,  as  I  have  said  heretofore,  that

~7,920 words

love  the  truth  say  Amen. 

Thus  endeth  the  fifth  tragedy. 

The  Sixth  Examination  of  John  Philpot,  had  before  the  rio-ht  honour- 
able Lords,  the  Lord  Chamberlain  to  the  Queen's  Majest_y,  the 
Viscount  Hereford,  commonly  called  Lord  Ferrers,  the  Lord  Riche, 
the  Lord  St.  John,  the  Lord  Windsor,  the  Loi'd  Chandos,  Sir  John 
J3ridges,  Lieutenant  of  the  Tower,  and  two  other  more,  whose 
names  I  know  not,  with  the  Bishop  of  London  and  Dr.  Chedsey, 
the  6th  day  of  November,  Anno  1555. 

Before  that  I  [Philpot]  was  called  afore  the  lords,  and  whiles  they  were  in 
sitting  down,  the  bishoj)  of  London  came  aside  to  me  and  whispered  in  mine 
ear,  willing  me  to  use  myself  before  the  lords  of  the  queen's  majesty's  council 
prudently,  and  to  take  heed  what  I  said  :  and  thus  he  pretended  to  give  me 
counsel,  because  he  wished  me  to  do  well;  as  1  might  now  do,  if  I  list.     And 

(1)  "  In  divinis  nulla  oceurrit  prxscriptio." 


Ids    SIXTH    EXAMINATION'.  629 


ifter  the  lords  and  other  worsliipful  gentlemen  of  the  queen's  majesty's  servants     Maiy 
were  set,  my  lord  of  London  jthiced  himself  at  the  end  of  the  table,  and  called   -         " 
me  to  him,  and  by  the  lords  I  was  placed  at  the  upper  end  against  him  ;  where     f;.- ^• 
I  kneeling  down,  the  lords  commanded  me  to  stand  up,  and  after  in  this  manner    ^'>^-*- 
the  bishop  began  to  speak. 

London  .—"Master  Thilpot,  I  have  heretofore,  both  privately  myself,  and  openly 
before  the  lords  of  the  clergy,  more  times  than  once,  caused  you  to  be  talked 
withal  to  reform  you  of  your  errors,  but  I  have  not  found  you  yet  so  tractable 
as  I  would  wish ;  wherefore  now  I  have  desired  these  honourable  lords  of  the 
temporally  and  of  the  queen's  majesty's  council,  who  have  taken  pains  with  me 
this  day  (I  thank  them  there-for),  to  hear  you  what  you  can  say,  that  they  may 
be  judires  whether  I  have  sought  all  means  to  do  you  good  or  no :  and  Idare  be 
bold  to  say,  in  their  behalf,  that  if  you  show  yourself  conformable  to  the  queen's 
majesty's  proceedings,  you  shall  fmd  as  much  favour  for  your  deliverance,  as 
you  can  wish.  I  speak  not  this  to  fawn  ujion  you,  but  to  bring  you  home  into 
the  church.  .  Now  let  them  hear  what  you  can  say." 

Philpot : — "  jNIy  lord,  I  thank  God  of  this  day,  that  I  have  such  an  honour- 
able audience  to  declare  my  mind  before.  And  I  cannot  i)ut  commend  your 
lordship's  equity  in  this  behalf,  which  agreeth  with  tlie  order  of  the  primitive 
church,  whicli  was,  if  anybody  had  been  suspected  of  heresy,  as  I  am  now,  he 
should  be  called  first  before  the  archbishop  or  bishop  of  the  diocese,  where  he 
was  suspected;  secondlv  in  the  presence  of  others  his  fellow  bishops  and  learned 
elders  ;  and  thirdly  in  hearing  of  the  laity;  where,  after  the  judgment  of  God's 
word  declared,  and  with  the  assent  of  other  bishops  and  consent  of  the  people, 
he  was  condemned  to  exile  for  a  heretic,>  or  absolved.  And  the  second  point 
of  that  good  order  I  have  found  at  your  lordship's  hands  already,  in  being  called 
before  you  and  your  fellow  bishops,  and  now  have  the  third  sort  of  men,  at 
whose  hands  I  trust  to  find  more  righteousness  with  my  cause  than  1  have 
fomid  with  my  lords  of  the  clergy.  God  grant  I  may  have,  at  last,  the  judg- 
ment of  God's  word  concerning  the  same." 

London  .— "  Master  Philpot,  I  pray  you  ere  you  go  any  further,  tell  my  lords 
here  plainly  whether  you  were  by  me  or  by  my  procurement,  committed  to 
prison  or  not,  and  whether  I  have  showed  you  any  cruelty  since  ye  have  been 
committed  to  my  prison."  _  i     i        /.     i 

Philpot  .•— "  If  it  shall  please  your  lordship  to  give  me  leave  to  declare  forth 
my  matter,  I  will  touch  that  afterward." 

Rlche  ■ "  Answer  first  of  all  to  my  lord's  two  questions,  and  then  proceed 

forth  to  the  matter.     How  say  you?  were  you  imprisoned  by  my  lord  or  no? 
can  vou  find  any  fault  since,  with  his  cruel  using  of  you?" 

Pkilnot  — "  1  cannot  lay  to  my  lord's  charge  the  cause  of  my  imprisonment,  Honner 
neither  may  I  say  that  he  hath  used  me  cruelly;  but  rather,  for  my  part,  I  may  ^°^Jl^ 
say  that  1  have  found  more  gentleness,  at  his  lordships  hands,  than   I   did  at  I'hilpofs 
mine  own  ordinan's,  for  the  time  I  have  been  within  his  prison  for  that  he  hath  ^P";*""- 
called  me  three  or  four  times  to  mine  answer,  to  the  which  I  was  not  calleu 
in  a  twelvemonth  and  a  half  before." 

jlic/,e  .— "  Well,  now  go  forth  to  your  matter.'  . 

Philpot  -—"The  matter  is,  that  I  am  imprisoned  for  the  disputations  had  by 
me  in  the  convocation-house  against  the  sacrament  of  the  altar,  which  matter 
was  not  moved  principally  by  me,  but  by  the  prolocutor,  with  the  consent  of  the 
queen's  majesty  and  of  the  whole  house  ;  and  that  house,  being  a  n.ember  of  the 
parliament-house,  ought  to  be  a  place  of  free  sneech  for  all  men  of  the  house 
by  the  ancient  and  laudable  custom  of  this  realm.  \\  herefore  I  think  myself 
to  have  sustained  hitherto  great  injury  for  speaking  my  conscience  Ireely  in  such 
a  place  as  I  might  lawfully  do  it :  ami  I  desire  your  honourable  lords  ups  judg- 
ment, which  be  of  the  parliament-house,  whether  of  right  1  ought  to  be  im- 
peached there-for,  and  sustain  the  loss  of  my  living  (as  1  have  done),  and 
moreover  of  my  life,  as  it  is  sought."  ...  ,    . 

jilchc  .— "  You  are  deceived  herein  ;  for  the  convocation-house  is  no  part  of 

*^'Vil/ilT— '^'MvTord,  I  have  always  understood  the  contrary,  by  such  as  are 
more  expert  men  in  things  of  this  realm  than  I  :  and  again,  the  title  of  every 

m  Heretics  in  the  primitive  church  were  only  condemned  «o  "''.e. 

(2)  "'The  convocation  no  part  of  the  parUamenl-UouBe,"  w.th  the  lord  Riche. 


630  THE    STORY    OF    JOHN    PHILPOT,    MARTYR. 

Mary,    act  leadetli  me  to  think  otherwise,  which  allegeth  the  agreement  of  the  spiritu- 

■ alty  and  temporally  assembled  together." 

^-  D-         Riche  : — "  Yea,  that  is  meant  of  the  spiritual  lords  of  the  upper  house." 
1555.         Windsor  : — "  Indeed  the  convocation-house  is  called  together  by  one  writ  of 
the  summons  of  the  parliament,  of  an  old  custom  ;  notwithstanding  that  house 
is  no  part  of  the  parliament-house."' 

Philpot : — "  My  lords,  I  must  be  contented  to  abide  your  judgments  in  this 
behalf." 

Biche : — "  We  have  told  you  the  ti'uth.  Marry,  yet  v.'e  would  not  that  you 
should  be  troubled  for  any  thing  that  there  was  spoken,  so  that  you,  having 
spoken  amiss,  do  declare  now  that  you  are  sorry  there-for." 

London  : — "  My  lords,  he  hath  spoken  there  manifest  heresy ;  yea,  and  there 
stoutly  maintained  the  same  against  the  blessed  sacrament  of  the  altar  [and  with 
that  he  put  olf  his  cap,  that  all  the  lords  might  reverence  and  veil  their  bonnets 
at  that  idol  as  he  did],  and  would  not  allow  the  real  presence  of  the  body  and 
blood  of  Christ  in  the  same.  Yet,  my  lords,  God  forbid  that  1  should  go  about 
to  show  him  extremity  for  so  doing,  in  case  he  will  repent  and  revoke  his  wicked 
sayings  ;  and  if  in  faith  he  will  so  do,  with  your  lordships'  consent  he  shall  be 
released  by-and-by.  If  he  will  not,  he  shall  have  the  extremity  of  the  law,  and 
that  shortly." 

Chamberlahi : — "  My  lord  of  London  speaketh  reasonably  unto  you.  Take 
it  whiles  it  is  offered  you." 

Riche  : — "How  say  you?  Will  you  acknowledge  the  real  presence  of  the 
body  and  blood  of  Christ,  as  all  the  learned  men  of  this  realm  do,  in  the  mass, 
and  as  I  do,  and  will  believe  as  long  as  I  live,  I  do  protest  it?" 

Philpot : — "  My  lord,  I  do  acknowledge  in  the  sacrament  of  the  body  and 
blood  of  Christ  such  a  presence,  as  the  word  of  God  doth  allow  and  teach  me." 

Riche  : — "  That  shall  be  no  otherwise  than  you  list." 

London : — "A  sacrament  is  the  sign  of  a  holy  thing  ;  so  that  there  is  both  the 
sign,  which  is  the  accident,  as  the  whiteness,  roundness,  and  shape  of  bread, 
and  there  is  also  the  thing  itself,  as  very  Christ  both  God  and  man.^  But  these 
heretics  will  have  the  sacraments  to  be  but  bare  signs.  How  say  you  ?  declare 
unto  my  lords  here  whether  you  do  allow  the  thing  itself  in  the  sacrament 
or  no." 

Philpot : — "  I  do  confess  that  in  the  Lord's  Supper  there  is  in  due  respects 
both  the  sign  and  the  thing  signified,  when  it  is  duly  ministered  after  the  insti- 
tution of  Christ.  "3 

London: — " You  may  see  how  he  goeth  about  the  bush  (as  he  hath  done 
before  with  my  lords  of  the  clergy),  and  dare  not  utter  his  mind  plainly." 

Riche  : — "  Show  us  what  manner  of  presence  you  allow  in  the  sacrament." 

Philpot : — "  If  it  please  you,  my  lord  of  London,  to  give  me  leave  to  proceed 
orderly  thereunto,  and  to  let  me  declare  my  mind  without  interruption,  I  will 
throughly  open  my  mind  therein." 

Lord  Chandos  : — "  I  pray  you  my  lord,  let  him  speak  his  mind." 

Philpot  : — "  My  lords,  that  at  the  first  I  have  not  plainly  declared  my  judg- 
ment unto  you  the  reason  is  this,  because  I  cannot  speak  hereof  without  the 
danger  of  my  life." 

Riche  : — "  There  is  none  of  us  here  that  seeketh  thy  life,*  or  means  to  take 
any  advantage  of  that  thou  shalt  speak." 

Philpot : — "  Although  I  mistrust  not  your  honoui-ahle  lordships  that  he  here 
of  the  temporalty  ;  yet  here  is  one  that  sitteth  against  me  [pointing  to  my  lord 
of  London]  that  will  lay  it  to  my  charge,  even  to  the  death.  Notwithstanding, 
seeing  y(mr  honours  do  require  me  to  declare  my  mind  of  the  presence  of 
Christ  in  the  sacrament,  that  ye  may  perceive  that  I  am  not  ashamed  of  the 
gospel  of  Christ,  neither  do  maintain  any  opinion  without  probable  and  sufficient 
authority  of  the  scriptin-e,  I  will  show  you  frankly  my  mind  without  all  colour, 
whatsoever  shall  ensue  unto  me  therefore,  so  that  my  lord  of  London  will  not 
let  me  to  utter  my  mind." 

(1)  Whether  the  convocation  he  part  of  the  parliament-house  or  no,  yet  free  liberty  was  given  by 
the  queen  every  man  to  speak  his  conscience. 

(2)  How  IJonner  taketh  in  the  sacrament  to  be  both  the  sign  and  the  thing  signified. 

(3)  Botli  tlie  sign  and  the  thing  signified,  in  due  respects,  be  in  the  sacrament. 

(4)  Ye  say  ye  seek  not  his  life;  and  yet  ye  know  to  answer  to  that  ye  ask,  will  be  his  death' 


HIS    SIXTH    EXAMINATION.  G31 

llicl/e  : — "  My  lord,  permit  him  to  say  what  he  can,  seeing  he  is  willing  to    nary 
show  his  mind." 


London  ;— "  I  am  content,  my  lords;  let  him  say  what  he  can,  I  will  hear    A-1^- 
him."  ir>55. 

Philpot : — "  That  which  I  do  intend  to  speak  unto  you,  right  honourable  ThTpro^ 
lords,  I  do  protest  here,  first  before  God  and  his  angels,  that  I  speak  it  not  of  ti-Mation 
vain-glory,  neither  of  singularity,  neither  of  wilful  stubbornness,  but  truly  upon  ',',f.j^,r' '.','',"! 
a  good  conscience,  grounded  on  God's  word,  against  the  which  I  dare  not  do,  l",i':>! ' '" 
for  fear  of  damnation  which  will  follow  that  wliich  is  done  contrary  to  know- 
ledge.    Neither  do    I    disagree  to  the  proceedings  of  this  realm   in  religion, 
for  that  I  love  not  tlie  queen  (whom  I  love  from  the  bottom  of  my  heart) ;  but 
because  I  ought  to  love  and  fear  God  in  his  word  more  than  man  in  his  laws, 
though  I  stand,  as  I  seem  to  do,  in  this  consideration,  and  for  none  other,  as 
God  I  call  to  witness.    There  be  two  things  principally,  by  the  which  the  clergy  ™ 
at  tliis  day  do  deceive  the  whole  realm ;  that  is,  tiie  sacrament  of  the  body  and  pistsha've 
blood  of  Christ,  and  tlie  name  of  the  catholic  church  :  the  wliich  both  tliev  do  "c'"'ir 
usurp,  having  indeed  none  of  them  both.     And  as  touching  their  sacrament,  men?M"* 
which  they  term  of  the  altar,  I  say  now  as  I  said  in  the  convocation-house,  that  tlieL.)r:!'s 
it  is  not  the  sacrament  of  Christ,  neither  in  the  same  is  there  any  manner  of  ''""y-  """^ 
Christ's  presence.     Wherefore  they  deceive  the  queen's  majesty,  and  you  of  the  church, 
nobility  of  this  realm,  in  making  you  to  believe  that  to  be  a  sacrament  which  is 
none,  and  cause  you  to  commit  manifest  idolatry  in  worshipping  that  for  God, 
which  is  no  God.     And  in  testimony  of  this  to  be  true,  besides  manifest  proof, 
which  I  am  able  to  make  to  the  queen's  majesty,  and  to  all  you  of  her  nobility, 
1  will  yield  my  life  :  the  which  to  do,  if  it  were  not  upon  a  sure  ground,  it  were 
to  my  utter  damnation.     And  whereas  they  take  on  them  the  name  of  the  Papists 
cathohc  church  (whereby  they  blind  many  folks'  eyes),  they  are  nothing  so,  untruly 
calling  you  from  the  true  religion  which  was  revealed  and  taught  in  king  Ed-  Halneof* 
ward's  time,  unto  vain  superstition.     And  this  I  will  say  for  the  trial  hereof,  the 
that  if  they  can  prove  themselves  to  be  the  catholic  cliurch  (as  they  shall  never  '^'>"'■'•'• 
be  able  to  do),  I  will  never  be  against  their  doings,  but  revoke  all  that  I  have 
said.     And  I  shall  desire  you,  my  lords,  to  be  a  mean  for  me  to  the  queen's  oiTereth 
majesty,  that  I  may  be  brought  to  the  just  trial  hereof.     Yea,  I  will  not  refuse  himself 
to  stand  against  ten  of  the  best  of  them  in  this  realm  :    and  if  they  be  able  to  ^'"aYnst'^ 
prove  otherwise  than  I  have  said,  either  by  writing  or  by  reasoning,  with  good  ten  of  tlie 
and  lawful  authority,  I  Mill  here  promise  to  recant  whatsoever  I  have  said,  and  !'J^*' 
to  consent  to  them  in  all  points.'     And  in  the  declaration  of  these  things  more  il,"th'e 
at  large,  which  now  I  write  in  sum,  the  bishop  of  London  eftsoons  woukl  have  realm,  in 
interrupted  me,  but  the  lords  procured  me  liberty  to  make  out  my  tale,  to  the  of^j,]'/""'^ 
great  grief  of  the  lord  bishop  of  London,  as  it  appeared  by  the  dvunps  he  was  in.  cause. 

London  : — "  It  hath  been  told  me  before,  that  you  love  to  make  a  long  tale." 

Riche: — "All  heretics  do  boast  of  the  Spirit  of  God,  and  every  one  would 
have  a  church  by  himself;  as  Joan  of  Kent  and  the  Anabajitists.  I  had  myself 
Joan  of  Kent  a  sevenniglit  in  my  house  after  the  writ  was  out  for  her  to  be 
burnt,  where  my  lord  of  Canterbury  and  bishop  Ridley  resorted  almost  daily 
mito  her.  I5ut  she  was  so  high  in  the  spirit,  that  they  could  do  nothing  with 
her  for  all  their  learning  :  but  she  went  wilfully  unto  the  fire,  was  burnt,  and 
so  do  vou  now." 

Philpot: — "  As  for  Joan  of  Kent,  she  was  a  vain  woman  (I  knew  her  well), 
and  a  heretic  indeed,  well  worthy  to  be  burnt,  because  she  stood  against  one  of 
tlie  manifest  articles  of  our  faith,  contrary  to  the  Scriptures.  And  such  vain 
spirits  be  soon  known  from  the  true  Spirit  of  God  and  his  church,  for  that  the 
same  abideth  within  the  limits  of  (Jod's  word  and  will  not  go  out  of  the  same, 
neither  stubbornly  maintain  any  thing  contrary  to  the  word,  as  1  have  God's 
word  thoroughly  on  my  side  to  show  lor  that  I  stand  in."  ' 

Loudon  : — "  I  pray  you,  how  will  you  join  me  these  two  scriptures  together: 
•  Pater  major  me  est;'  and  'Pater  et  ego  unum  sumus.'  I  must  inteqiret  the 
same,  because  my  lords  here  understand  not  the  Latin,  that  is  to  say,  'The 
Father  is  greater  than  I ;'  and  '  I  and  the  Father  are  one  :'  but  I  crj'you  mercy, 
my  lords,  1  have  misjioken,  in  saying  ytm  understand  no  Latin  ;  for  the  most 
part  of  you  imderstand  Latin  as  well.as  L     But  I  speak  in  consideration  of  my 

(1)  The  pope's  catholics,  when  they  have  no  juist  reason  wherewith  to  persuade,  they  fall  to 
railing,  aud  to  charge  men  with  f  tubboruness. 


632  THE    STORY    OF    JOHN    PHILPOT,    MARTYR. 

Mary,     lord  Cliandos  and  master  Bridges  his  brother,  whom  I  take  to  be  no  great  Latin 

men.     Now  sliow  your  cunning,  and  join  these  two  scriptures  by  the  word,  if 

^'Jl'    y^^^  can." 

1553.         Philpot : — "  Yes,  tliat  I  can  right  well.  ■    For  we  must  understand  that  in 
Christ  there  be  two  natures,  the  divinity  and  humanity,  and  in  respect  of  his 
humanity  it  is  spoken  of  Christ,  '  The  Father  is  greater  than  I.'     But  in  respect 
of  his  deity  he  said  again,  '  The  Father  and  I  be  one.'  " 
Ijondon  : — "  But  what  scripture  have  you  ?" 

Pliilpol : — "  Yes  I  have  sufficient  scripture  for  the  proof  of  that  I  have  said. 
For  the  first,  it  is  written  of  Christ  in  the  Psalms,  '  Thou  hast  made  him  a  little 
lesser  than  angels.' '  It  is  the  15th  Psalm,  beginning  '  Cceli  enarrant.'  "  And 
there  I  misreckoned,  wherewithal  my  lord  took  me: 

London: — "  It  is  in  '  Domine  Dominus  noster.'  Ye  may  see,  my  lords,  how 
well  this  man  is  used  to  say  his  matins." 

Philpot : — "  Though  I  say  not  matins  in  such  order  as  your  lordship  mean- 
eth  ;  yet  I  remember  of  old,  that  '  Domine  Dominus  nostei-,'  and  'Cceli  enar- 
rant,' be  not  far  asunder.  And  albeit  I  misnamed  the  Psalm,  it  is  no  prejudice 
to  the  truth  that  I  have  proved." 

London  : — "  Wliat  say  you  then  to  the  second  Scripture  ?  how  couple  you 
that  by  the  word  to  the  other?" 
Scripture  Phi/pot : — "  The  text  itself  declareth,  that  notwithstanding  Christ  did  abase 
alle^'L'd.  himself  in  our  human  nature,  yet  he  is  still  one  in  deity  with  the  Father  :  and 
this  St.  Piiul  to  the  Hebrews  doth  more  at  large  set  forth.  And  as  I  have  by 
the  Scriptures  joined  these  two  scriptures  together,  so  am  I  able  to  do  in  all 
other  articles  of  faith  which  we  ought  to  believe,  and  by  the  manifest  word  of 
God  to  expound  them." 

London: — *'  How  can  that  be,  seeing  St. Paul  saith,  'That  the  letter  killeth, 

but  it  is  the  spirit  that  giveth  life.'  " 

How  the        Philpot:  — "  St.  Paul  meaneth  not  the  word  of  God  written,  in  itself  killeth 

kUietli       (which  is  the  word  of  life,  and  faithful  testimony  of  the  Lord) ;  but  that  the 

and     '     word  is  unprofitable  and  killeth  him  that  is  void  of  the  Spirit  of  God,  although 

■Hhom.      lie  be  the  wisest  man  of  the  world.     And  therefore  St.  Paul  said,  'That  the 

gospel  to  some  was  a  savour  of  life  unto  life,  and  to  some  other  a  savour  of 

death  unto  death. '^    Also  an  example  hereof  we  have  in  John  vi.,  of  them  who 

hearing  the  word  of  God  without  the  Spirit,  were  offended  thereby  :  wherefore 

Christ  said,  'The  flesh  profiteth  nothing;   it  is  the  Spirit  that  quickeneth.'  "^ 

London  : — "  What !  do  you  understand  that  of  St.  Paul  and  of  St.  John  so?" 

Philpot : — "  It  is  not  mine  own  interpretation,  it  is  agreeable  to  the  word  in 

other  places  ;*  and  I  have  learned  the  same  of  ancient  fathers  interpreting  it 

likewise.     And  to  the  Corinthians  it  is  written,  'The  natural  man  perceiveth 

not  the  things  that  be  of  the  Spirit  of  God ;  but  the  spiritual  man,  which  is 

endued  with  the  Spirit,  judgeth  all  things."^ 

London  : — "  You  see,  my  lords,  that  this  man  will  have  his  own  mind ;  and 
will  wilfully  cast  av/ay  himself.     I  am  sorry  for  him." 

Philpot : — "  The  words  that  I  have  spoken  be  none  of  mine,  but  the  gospel, 

whereon  I  ought  to  stand.     And  if  you,  my  lord  of  London,  can  bring  better 

authority  for  the  faith  you  will  draw  me  unto,  than  that  which  I  stand  upon,  I 

will  gladly  hear  the  same  by  you  or  by  any  other  in  this  realm." 

Piiilpot's       Wherefore  I,  kneeling  down,  besought  the  lords  "to  be  good  unto  me,  a  poor 

[othr^     gentleman,  that  would  fain  live  in  the  world,  if  I  might,  and  testify  as  you  have 

lunls.        heard  me  to  say  this  day,  that  if  any  man  can  prove  that  I  ought  to  be  of  any 

other  manner  of  faith  than  that  of  which  I  now  am,  and  can  prove  the  same 

sufficiently,  I  will  be  neither  wilful,  neither  desperate,  as  my  lord  of  London 

would  make  you  believe  me  to  be." 

Riche : — "  What  countryman  be  you  ?  Are  you  of  the  Philpots  of  Hamp- 
shire ?" 

Philpot : — "  Yea,  my  loi-d  ;  I  was  sir  P.  Philpot's  son  of  Hampshire." 
Riche  : — "  He  is  my  near  kinsman  ;  wherefore  I  am  the  more  sorry  for  him." 
Phi/pot: — "  I  thank  your  lordship  that  it  pleaseth  yoil  to  challenge  kindred 
of  a  poor  prisoner." 

(1)  "  Dimimiisti  eum  paulo  minus  ab  angelis."  Psalm  viii.     ["Coeli  enarrant"  is  Ps.  xix. — Ei).] 

(2)  2  Cor.  ili.  (,'i)  John  vi.  (4)  1  Cor.  vi. 

I'j)  "  .\niuuilis  liomo  non  pcrcipit  ea  qu£E  sunt  Spiritus  Dei;  spiritualis  dijudicat  omnia." 
1  Cor.  ii. 


HIS    SIXTH    EXAMINATION.  G33 

Riche : — "  In  faith  I  would  go  a  hundred  miles  on  my  bare  feet,  to  do  you  itar>i. 
good."  .    ,. 

Chamherlnin  : — "  He  may  do  well  enough,  if  he  list."  -^\-^*^ 

Si.  John:— "  INIaster  Philpot,  you  are  my  countryman,  and  I  would  be  glad  ''•''•'• 
you  should  do  well." 

lUchc  : — "  You  said  even  now,  that  you  would  desire  to  maintain  your  belief 
before  ten  of  llio  best  in  the  realm.  You  did  not  well  to  compare  with  the 
nobility  of  tlie  realm.  But  what  if  you  have  ten  of  the  best  in  the  realm  to 
hear  you,  will  you  be  tried  by  tliem  V 

Philpot  .■— "  My  lord,  your  lordship  mistakcth  mc  to  think  that  I  challenge 
ten  of  the  best  of  the  nobility  in  this  realm.  It  was  no  part  of  my  mind  ;  but 
I  meant  of  the  best  learned  on  the  contrary  side." 

Itic/ie  : — "  Well,  I  take  yourmeaning.  Wbat  if  means  be  made  to  the  queen's 
majesty,  that  you  shall  have  your  request,  will  you  be  judged  by  them?" 

Phi/pot .— ""  My  lord,  it  is  not  meet,  that  a  man  should  be  judged  by  his 
adversaries." 

Jtic/ie  .— "  By  whom  then  would  you  be  judged  ?" 

Philpot .-— "  I  will  make  your  honours  judges,  that  shall  be  hearers  of  us." 

liiche  : — "  I  dare  be  bold  to  procure  for  you  of  the  queen's  majesty,  that  you 
shall  have  ten  learned  men  to  reason  with  30U,  and  twenty  or  forty  of  the 
nobility  to  hear,  so  you  will  promise  to  abide  their  judgment.  How  say  you; 
will  you  jiromise  here,  afore  my  lords,  so  to  do?" 

Philpot ;— "  I  will  be  contented  to  be  judged  by  them." 

Biche  ;— "  Y'ea,  but  will  you  promise  to  agree  to  their  judgment?" 

Philpot : — "  There  be  causes  why  I  may  not  so  do,  unless  I  were  sure  they 
would  judge  according  to  the  word  of  God."' 

Miche  .— "  Oh,  I  perceive  you  will  have  no  man  judge  but  yourself,  and  think 
yourself  wiser  than  all  the  learned  men  in  this  realm." 

Philpot ;— "  My  lord,  I  seek  not  to  be  mine  own  judge,  but  am  content  to  be  The  true 
jiulged  by  others,  so  that  the  order  of  judgment  in  matters  of  religion  be  kept  j"';;}^;',".'„t 
that  was  in  the  primitive  church ;  which  is,   first  that  (Jod's  will   by   his  word  used  in 
was  souijht,  and  thereunto  both  the  spiritualty  and  temporalty  was  gathered  ||;:;^P"'"i- 
together,  and  gave  their  consents  and

Cut continues beyond the first 4,000 words shown here — about 3,920 more in the scan at the link above.

~201 words

with  others,  like  fools  :  and 

(1)  The  scope  of  St.  Augustine's  arprunient  is  not  to  prove  the  church  of  Rome  therefore  to  be 
sound  in  the  doctrine,  because  it  hath  succession  of  bishops  from  the  apostles,  but  to  prove  the 
Donatists  to  be  schismatics;  for  that  the  church  of  Rome  continuing  both  sound  in  the  doctrine 
of  the  apostles,  and  also  in  retaining  still  succession  of  bishops  from  the  apostles'  time,  yet  they 
would  forsake  the  unity  of  that  church,  and  set  up  another  church  of  their  ovpn. 

The  argument  is  this  : — 

To  dissever  from  that  chiuch  which  by  continual  succession  of  bishops  descendeth  from  the 
apostles  and  keepeth  the  same  institution  still  in  faith  and  doctrine,  is  to  break  the  unity  of  the 
church,  and  to  he  schismatics.  The  Ponatists  do  so  from  the  church  of  Kome,  having  no  just 
cause  of  doctrine  so  to  do  :   Ergo,  the  Donatists  he  schismatics. 

(2)  A  marvel  how  the  priests,  eating  up  a  whole  man,  flesh,  blood,  and  bone,  to  breakfast,  can 
have  such  a  hungry  stomach  to  their  dinner  afterward,  as  they  have,  as  if  they  had  eaten  never  a 
bit  of  meat  before  ! 

(3)  "  Omnia  judicia  dcbent  esse  publica." 


HIS    PRIVATE    CONFEUENCKS    WITH     BUNNER.  64-5

~608 words

cast  away  many  a  sweet  letter  and  friendly:  but  that  I 
had  written  of  my  last  examination  before,  I  thrust  into  my  hose,  thinkin..  the 
ne^xt  day  to  have  made  an  end  thereof,  and  with  going  it  w/s  fallen  down  to  my 
leg,  the  which  he  by  feeling  did  soon  espy,  and  asked  what  that  was.  I  said 
The  copy  hey  were  certain  letters:  and  with  that  he  was  very  busy  to  have  them  out' 
^xa^ina  ''  '?  ^'^f'    f^'^  ^'  !'  ^  ^^^  ^'^'''^  ^^^^'^  «"t."    With  that  I  put  in  my  hand 

having  two  other  letters  therein   and  brought  up  the  same  writing  to  my  pock  t 

hint^said'';?,  Jr  77\  ^''\'T:  '"'^  f  ^'  •'"'  ^''"-  '^"'^  ""^  *^"^  that  came  with 
.'     T   '  A  ^'i  not  deliver  the  writings  I  had  in  my  hose,  but  two  other 

letter  "1'"  7 ^""f  Y^""''-  " ^°  ^'^  ■"  ^""^^  he,  "I  will  go  search  him 
htninnfl.  1  I  ^',  ^'"''T^J  convcycd  my  examination  I  had  written, 
into  another  place  beside  my  bed,  and  took  all  the  letters  I  had  in  my  purse 
and  was  tearing  of  them  when  he  came  again  ;  and  as  he  came  I  threw  the^same 
out  of  my  window,  saying,  that  I  heard  what  he  said  :  wherefore  I  did  prevent 

hat'nre  ;^Tr'  7r'T.  ^  ^^"^  "^^^*  ^^^^^  ^"^^  ^'  ^'^^''^  ^''^t  gave  me 
which  ffH  111  ^'"''^  ■^''''  7''  ^^■'^'^  *'^^  knowledge  of  my  writings,  the 
which  If  they  had  known,  it  would  have  been  a  great  occasion  of  more  straiter 
keeping  and  looking  unto,  although  they  look  as  narrowly  as  they  may! 

The  Eighth  Examination  of  John  Philpot,  before  the  Bishop  of 
London^  the  Bi.shop  of  St.  David's  ;  Master  Mordant,  and  others, 
in  tlie  Bishop  s  Chapel. 

The  next  day  after,  my  keeper  came  before  day  in  the  morning  to  call  me 
down,  and  so  was  I  brought  down  into  his  wardrobe,  where  with  a  keeper  I 
was  left,  and  there  continued  all  the  day.  But  after  dinner  I  was  called  down 
M%  /  P'l'  Y"^""  *^'  ^'''''"P  °^  L""'^""'  the  bishop  of  St.  David's,  master 
Mordant  one  of  the  queen  s  council,  master  archdeacon  of  London,  and  before 
a  great  many  more  Balaamites.    And  the  bishop  spake  unto  me  in  this  wise  •— 

/.owrfow;-"  Sir,  here  I  object  and  lay  unto  you,  in  the  presence  of  mv  lord 
ot  S  .  Davids,  and  of  master  Mordant,  and  of  these  worshipful  men," these 
articles  here  in  this  libel  contained." 

And  openly  he  read  them.  To  whom  when  I  would  particulaHv  have 
answered  to  some  of  his  blasphemies,  he  would  not  permit  me,  but  said  I 
Should  have  leisure  enough  to  say  what  I  would,  when  he  had  said  "  4nd 
unto  these  here  I  add  another  schedule.  Also  I  require  thee  to  answeV  to 
the  catechism  set  forth  in  the  schismatical  time  of  king  Edward.  Also  I  will 
thee  to  answer  to  certain  conclusions  agreed  upon  both  in  Oxford  and  Cam- 
bridge. And  I  here  do  bring  forth  these  witnesses  against  thee  in  thine  own 
presence  namely  my  lord  of  St.  David's,  master  Mordant,  and  master  Harps- 
held,  with  as  many  of  you  as  were  jn-esent  in  the  disputation  he  made  in  tlie 
convocation-house  ;  willing  you  to  testify,  of  your  oaths  taken  upon  a  book, 
the  stubborn  and  unreverent  behaviour  he  did  there  use  against  the  blessed 
sacrament  of  the  altar.  Give  me  a  book!"  And  receiving  one,  he  opened 
tlie  same,  saying,  "  I  will  teach  him  here  one  trick  in  our  law  which  he  knoweth 
not;  that  is,  my  lord  of  St.  David's,  because  you  are  a  bishop,  you  have  this 
privilege,  that  you  may  swear,  by  looking  on  the  gospel  book,  without  touching 


Articles 
objected 
and  read 
to  Phil- 
pot. 


Witness- 
es sworn 
against 
Philpot. 


HIS    EIGHTH    AND    NINTH    EXAMINATIONS.  fi49 

of  tlie  same."'  And  so  he  opened  the  book  in  his  sight,  and  sluit  it  again,  and 
caused  tlie  others  to  put  their  liands  on  the  book,  and  take  their  oath,  and  willed 
them  to  resort  to  his  registrar  to  make  their  depositions  when  they  might  be 
best  at  leisure.  And  afterwards  he  turned  to  me  and

~228 words

give  me  leave  to  speak?     What  law  is  this  ? 

London  : — "  Speak,  yea  or  nay,  for  you  shall  say  no  more  at  this  time." 

The  cause  was,  as  I  guess,  that  he  saw  so  many  there  gathered  to  hear. 

Phi/pot : — "  Then  my  two  words  you  would  have  me  speak  shall  be,  that  I  Pliilpot 
have  appealed  fron^  you,  and  take  you  not  for  my  suHicient  judge."  frm'iT''^^''' 

London : — "  Indeed,  master  Mordant,  he  hath  appealed  to  the  king  and  to  Bonner, 
the  queen ;  but  I  will  be  so  bold  with  her  majesty,  to  stay  that  appeal  in  mine 
own  hands." 

PhUpot : — "  You  will  do  what  you  list,  my  lord,  you  have  the  law  in  your 
hands." 

London  : — "  Wilt  thou  answer  or  no?" 

PhUpot: — "I  will  not  otherwise  than  I  have  said." 

I^ondon: — "  Registrar,  note  his  answer  that  he  maketh." 

PhUpot : — "  Knock  me  on  the  head  with  a  hatchet,  or  set  up  a  stake  and  bum  nonnor 
me  out  of  hand,  without  ftirthcr  law  :  as  well  you  may  do  so,  as  do  that  you  '^^^^^^^ 
do,  for  all  is  without  order  of  law.     Such  tyranny  was  never  seen  as  yoii  use  order  of 
now-a-days;  God  of  his  mercy  destroy  your  cruel  kingdom."     And  whilst  I  law, 
spake  this,  the  bishop  went  away  in  haste. 

St.  David's :—"  Master  Philpot,  I  pray  you  be  quiet,  and  have  patience 
with  you." 

PhUpot : — "  My  lord

~3,876 words

again  into  the  wardrobe,  where  I  remained  until  the  bishop  had  heard 
his  mass ;  and  afterward  he  sent  up  for  me  into  his  inward  parlour,  and  there 
he  called  for  a  chair  to  sit  down,  and  brought  his  infamous  libel  of  his  forged 
articles  in  his  hand,  and  sat  down,  willing  me  to  draw  near  unto  him,  and  said : 

London .— "  I  am  this  day  appointed  to  tarry  at  home  from  the  parliament- 
house,  to  examine  you  and  your  fellows  upon  these  articles  ;  and  you  stand  dal- 
lying with  me,  and  will  neither  answer  to  nor  fro.  I  wis  all  your  exceptions 
will  not  serve  you.  Will  it  not  be  a  fair  honesty  for  you,  think  ye,  that  when 
thou  comest  before  my  lord  mavor  and  the  sherifis,  and  other  worshipful  audi- 
ence, when  I  shall  say  before  them  all,  that  I  have  had  thee  these  many  tunes 
before  me  and  before  so  many  learned  men,  and  then  thou  couldst  say  nothing 
for  that  thou  standest  in,  for  all  thy  brags  of  learning,  neither  wouldsl  answer 

'  ^^ PhUpot  .^— ^'  Mylord,  I  have  told  vou  mv  mind  plain  enough ;  but  yet  I  do  Philpot 
not  intend  to  lose  that  privilege  the  law  givcth  me,  the  which  is,  free  choice  t(.  ,,a„,,^„, 
answer  where  I  am  not  bound,  and  this  privilege  will  I  cleave  unto,  until  1  be  to^i,i»^ 

compelled  otherwise."  .„     i      .u       i   ,•     *    r    i      t    „  .i,;„n  J^''"^'' 

j\j,nJon "  Well,  I  perceive  you  will  play  the  obstinate  fool.     Lay  thine  answer 

appellation'  when  thou  comest  in  judgment,  and  answer  in  the  mean  while  to  ^^<^^l^^*^ 

these  articles."  .,,  ,  .,         nary. 

PhUpot :—"  No,  my  lord,  by  your  leave  I  will  not  answer  to  them,  imtil  my 

lawful  appeal  be  tried." 

London  :—"  Well,  thou  shalt  hear  them. 

(I)  "  Ingpectis  cvaiigcliis,  et  non  tacti.i." 


650  THE    STORY    OF    JOHN    PHILPOT,    MARTYR. 

Mary.         And  with  that  he  began  to  read  them.     I  shrank  back  into  the  window,  and 
looked  on  a  book.     And  after  he  had  read  them  over  he  said  imto  me, 


^-  ^-         London : — "  I  have  read  them  over,  although  it  hath  not  pleased  you  to  hear 
1555.    YTiQ      I  niarvel,  in  good  faith,  what  thou  meanest  to  be  so  wilful  and  stubborn, 
Philpot     seeing  thou  mayest  do  well  enough  if  thou  list.     It  is  but  a  singularity.     Dost 
will  not     thou  not  see  all  the  realm  against  thee?" 

hear  his         Philpot : — "  My  lord,  I  speak  unto  you  in  the  witness  of  God,  before  whom 

read.         I  stand,  that  I  am  neitlier  wedded  to  mine  own  will,  neither  stand  upon  mine 

own  stubbornness  or  singularity,  but  upon  my  conscience  instructed  by  God's 

word ;  and  if  your  lordship  can  show  better  evidence  than  I  have  for  a  good 

faith,  I  will  follow  the  same." 

London : — "  What !  thou  wilt  not,  lo,  for  all  that !  Well,  all  that  is  past  shall 
be  forgotten  ;  and  be  thou  conformable  unto  us.  I  wis  thou  mightest  find  as 
much  favour  as  thou  wouldest  desire." 

Then  I,  perceiving  that  he  fawned  so  much  upon  me,  thought  it  good  to 
give  him  some  comfort  of  my  relenting,  to  the  intent  I  might  give  liim  and  his 
liypocritical  generation  openly  a  further  foil,  perceiving  that  they  dare  reason 
openl3'with  none,  but  with  such  as  beimlearned,  and  for  lack  of  knowledge  not 
able  to  answer,  or  else  with  such  as  they  have  a  hope,  that  for  fear  or  love  of  the 
world,  will  recant :  I  said,  "  My  lord,  it  is  not  unknown  to  you,  that  I  have 
openly,  in  the  audience  of  a  great  number,  stood  to  the  maintenance  of  these 
opinions  I  am  in,  and  by  learning  did  offer  to  defend  them ;  therefore,  my  lord, 
I  would  it  might  openly  appear  to  the  world  that  I  am  won  by  learning ;  or 
else  what  will  they  say,  but  that  either  for  fear  or  love  of  the  world,  I  am 
without  any  ground  turned  from  the  truth?  And  if  I  hear  any  kind  of  learning 
openly  showed,  I  shall  be  as  conformable  as  you  may  require  me." 

London : — "  Yea  marry,  now  ye  speak  somewhat  like  a  reasonable  man,  I 
wis  you  luight  have  had  a  great  deal  more  favour  in  my  house;  and  liberty, 
than  you  have  had ;  and  you  shall  lack  nothing  that  is  within  my  house  :  call 
for  it,  and  you  shall  have  it.  And  what  is  it  that  you  would  openly  by  learning 
somewhat  be  satisfied  in?  tell  me." 

Philpot : — "  My  Lord,  I  have  openly  said,  and  do  believe  it  also,  that  your 
sacrifice  of  the  mass  is  no  sacrament." 

London: — "  What!  do  you  deny  the  presence  of  Christ  in  the  sacrament?" 
Talk  of  Philpot : — "  No,  my  lord,  I  deny  not  the  presence  of  Christ  in  the  sacrament, 

the  sacra-  but  I  have  denied  the  sacrament  of  the  altar,  as  it  is  used  in  your  mass,  to  be 
^enu       j.}jg  j^jjg  sacrament  of  Christ's  institution  :  and  first,  it  must  be  proved  a  sacra- 
ment, before  there  can  be  any  presence  granted." 

London: — "Why,  do  you  deny  the  mass  to  be  a  sacrament?  I  pray  you 
what  is  a  sacrament  ?  Is  it  not  a  sign  of  a  holy  thing,  as  St.  Austin  doth  de- 
fine it?" 

Philpot : — "  Yes,  verily,  that  it  is." 

London : — "  Then  I  make  this  argument  unto  you  :  a  sacrament  is  the  sign 
of  a  holy  thing  :  but  the  mass  is  the  sign  of  a  holy  thing  ;  ergo,  it  is  a  sacra- 
ment."i 

Philpot : — "  You  must  add  this  to  your  major,  or  first  proposition,  as  St. 
Augustine  doth  mean,  that  a  sacrament  is  the  sign  of  a  holy  thing  instituted  of 
God,  and  commanded :  for  therwise  it  can  be  no  sacrament,  for  all  men  cannot 
make  a  sacrament." 

London: — "  I  grant  that:  and  such  a  sign  of  a  holy  thing  is  the  mass  of 
Christ's  institution." 

Philpot : — "  I  deny  that,  my  lord.' 
The  London : — "  I  will  prove  this  by  St.  Augustine  by  and  by.     I  will  go  show 

hum^'  y°^'  ^'•'^  book,  and  you  shall  have  any  book  I  have  that  you  will  demand.  Ho  ! 
brought  who  is  without  there  ?  Call  me  master  doctor  Chedsey,  master  Archdeacon, 
rowslrlit  '"'^^^^^'^  Cosins,  and  other  chaplains  hither." 

is  fain  to'  "  Here,  my  lord.  Master  doctor  Chedsey  is  gone  to  Westminster,  and  master 
call  for      Archdeacon  was  here  even  now." 

help.  Ijondon  : — "  Master  Cosins,    I  pray  you  examine  him  upon  these  articles, 

and  write  his  answer  he  maketli  to  every  one  of  them.  I  will  go  examine  his 
fellows,  and  send  you  St.  Augustine  by  and  by.  I  find  this  man  more  con- 
formable than  he  was  before." 

(I)  Tills  argument  in  the  second  figure  concluding  anirmatively,  doth  not  hold  by  logic. 


HIS    XINTH    EXAMINATION.  G5 1 

Cosiiis : — "  I  trust,  mv  lord,  you  shall  find  hiui  at  length  a  good  catholic  man.    uary. 

Marry,  here  be  a  sight  of  hcrcs'ies  !   I  dare  say  you  will  hold  none  of  them,  nor — ■ 

stand  in  any  of  them.     How  say  you  to  the  first?"  i  err" 

Pliilpot : — "  Master  Cosins,  I  have  told  my  lord  already,  that  I  will  answer    ^555. 
to  nor.e  of  these  articles  he  hath  objected  against  me :    but,  if  you  will  with 
learning  answer  to  that  which  is  in  question  between  my  lord  and  me,   I  will 
gladly  hear  and  commune  with  you." 

Cosins  .— "  No,  will  you  I  Why,  what  is  that,  then,  that  is  in  question  between 
my  lord  and  you  .' ' 

Philpot : — "  Whether  your  mass  be  a  sacrament,  or  no." 

Cosins  : — "  What,  the  mass  to  be  a  sacrament  ?  who  ever  doubted  thereof?"    x\T,ethf  r 

Philnot .— "  If  it  be  an  undoubted  truth,  you  may  the  sooner  prove  it ;  for  I  the  mass 
1      ,      •'       1      ,  ri.  J  ■/  be  ana- 

doubt  much  thereof.  .    .       crament. 

Cosins .— "  Why,  I  wQl  prove  it.  It  is  the  sign  of  a  holy  thuig  :  ergo,  it  is  a 
sacrament." 

Pliilpot : — "  I  deny  your  antecedent." 

Cosins  .— "  What,  will  you  so?  then  there  is  no  reasoning  with  you." 

Thus  master  Cosins  gave  over  in  the  plain  field  for  want  of  further  proof.  Master 
And  then  the  morrow-mass  chaplain  began  to  speak  for  his  occupation ;  and  Cosms 
with  that  master  Harpsfield  came  out  from  my  lord  with  St.  Augustine's  Epistles,  ^^.^^  j„ 
saying,  '•'^  P'""* 

Harpsfield:— "Uy  lord  hath  sent  you  here  St.  Augustine  to  look  upon,  and  s^'^- 
I  pray  you  look  what  he  saith  in  a  certain  epistle  which  he  writeth :    I  will 
read  over  the  whole.     Here  you  may  hear  the  celebration  of  the  mass,  and  how 
it  reproveth  them  that  went  a  hawking  and  hunting  before  the  celebration  of 
the  same,  on  the  Sabbath  and  holy-days." 

Philpot: — "  I  perceive  the  contents'of  this  Epistle,  and  I  see  nothing  herein 
against  me,  neither  any  thing  that  maketh  for  the  proof  of  your  sacrament  of 
the  mass."  ,   ,        i 

Harpsfield : — "  No !  doth  he  not  make  mention  of  the  mass,  and  the  cele- 
bration thereof?  what  can  be  spoken  more  plain?" 

Philpot  — "  St.  Austin  meaneth  of  the  celebration  of  the  communion,  and  of  TheEpi- 
the  true  use  of  the  sacrament  of  the  body  and  blood  of  Christ,  and  not  of  your  f^^°^J^^- 
private  mass,  which  you  of  late  years  have  erected  in  tlie  stead  thereof;  for  tine  al- 
this  word  '  mass  '  hath  been  an  old  term  attributed  to  the  communion  even  from  J.^P;'^^^^f 
the  primitive  church.  And  I  pray  you  tell  me  what  ;««sa  doth  signify.  I  tionoftiie 
think  not  many  that  say  mass  can  well  tell."  mass,  an- 

Cosins  .— "  No  ?  cannot  ?     That  is  marvel."  **"*''• 

Philpot : — "  Then  tell  me,  if  you  can."  But  master  Cosins  and  my  morrow- 
mass  chaplain  were  both  dumb,  looking  upon  master  Harpsfield  for  help  ;  and 
at  length  he  spake.  ,  ,       .,        i 

Harpsfield:—''  You  think  it  comefh  of  the  Hebrew  word  'massah,  as  though 
none  were  seen  in  the  Hebrew  but  you."  ,      .     -o      •        r 

Philpot  — "  I  have  not  gone  so  long  to  school,  to  derive  the  signification  of  The  word 
'  missa/'  which  is  a  Latin  word,  out  of  Hebrew :  but  I  have  learned  to  inter-  '"•""■ 
pret  Greek  words  by  Greek,  and  Latin  by  Latin,  and  Hebrew  by  Hebrew.  I 
take  the  communion  to  be  called  '  missa,'  a  mittendo,  of  such  things  as  at  the 
celebration  of  the  communion  were  sent  by  such  as  were  of  ability,  to  the  relief 
of  the  poor,  where  the  rich  brought  after  their  devotion  and  ability,  and  re- 
quired the  minister,  in  the  celebration  of  the  communion,  to  jjray  unto  God  for 
them,  and  to  accept  their  common  alms,  which  they  at  such  tunes  did  send  for 
the  help  of  their  poor  brethren  and  sisters ;  and  for  this  cause  was  it  called 
'  missa,'  as  learned  men  do  witness.  At  the  which  celebration  of  the  mass,  all 
that  were  present  did  communicate  under  both  kinds,  according  to  Christ's 
institution,  as  they  did  in  St.  Augustine's  time.  But  unless  you  can  show  that 
your  mass  is  used  as  then  it  was,  ye  shall  never  by  the  name  of  mass  (which 
St  Au<Tustine  attributed  to  the  tnie  use  of  the  communion)  jirovc  your  private 
mass  to  be  a  sacrament,  unless  ye  can  prove  the  same  now  to  be  m  your  masses 
as  was  then,  which  is  clean  contrary."  ,   r       i 

Harpsfield :—"  W'hatl    deny  you  the  mass  to  be  a  sacrament?   for  shame, 

speak  it  not."  ,,••/.  »  •,  •• 

Philpot:—"  I  will  not  be  ashamed  to  deny  it,  if  you  cannot  prove  it. 

(1)  See  Jewel's  "  Bcplie  to  Harding,"  art.  H,  divis.  8  ;  and  art.  1.— Eo. 


€52 


THE    STORY    OF    JOHN    PHILPOT,    MARTYR, 


ment  is 
no  sacra- 


Mary.         Ilarpsfeld : — •'  Why,  it  is  a  sacrifice,  which  is  more  than  a  sacrament.'  ' 
"~"~r~       Philpot : — "  You  may  make  of  it  as  much  as  you  list :    but  you  shall  never 
^rR'    ^^^^  ^^  ^  sacrifice,  as  you  may  imagine  thereof,  but  first  it  must  be  a  sacrament, 
_S^2—...  ^or  of  the  sacrament  yo\i  deduce  your  sacrifice." 

Ilarpsfeld : — "  AVhy  ?  doth  not  Christ  say,  '  This  is  my  body  V  and  doth  not 

the  priest  pronounce  the  same  that  Christ  did  ?" 

A  sacra-        Philpot: — "The  pronunciation  only    is   not  enough,  unless  the   words  be 

therewithal  apphed  to  the  use,  as  Christ  spake  them  to.     For  though  ye  speak 

"  *'^^  words  of  baptism  over  water  never  so  many  times,  yet  there  is  no  baptism 

wuhout     unless  there  be  a  christian  person  to  be  baptized." 

its  use.  Harpsfleld: — "Nay,  that  is  not  like;    for  'Hoc  est  corpus  meum,'  is  an 

indicative  proposition,  showing  a  working  of  God  in  the  substance  of  bread  and 
wine." 

Philpot. : — "  It  is  not  only  an  indicative  proposition,  but  also  imperative  or 
commanding.  For  he  that  said,  '  This  is  my  body;'-'  said  also,  'Take  ye,  eat 
ye.'^  And  except  the  former  part  of  the  institution  of  Christ's  sacrament  be 
accomplished  according  to  the  communion,  the  latter,  '  This  is  my  body,'  can 
have  no  verification,  take  it  which  way  you  will,  and  how  you  will." 

Morrotv-mass  Chaplain :—"  Why  then  you  will  make  the  sacrament  to 
stand  in  the  receiving,  and  that  receiving  maketh  it  a  sacrament." 
Receiv-  Philpot : — "  I  do  not  say,  that  the  receiving  only  maketh  it  a  sacrament,  but 
e"h  no^'  ^  ^^y>  ^^^^^  ^  common  receiving  must  needs  be  concurrent  with  the  true  sacra- 
the  sacra-  rnent,  as  a  necessary  member,  without  the  which  it  cannot  be  a  sacrament  ; 
Uie"sacra'  ^^'^,^"^^.  ^'"'i^t  hath  made  this  a  principal  part  of  the  sacrament,  '  Take  ye,  eat 
nieiu'o?"  y^''  which  you  do  not  in  your  mass  according  to  Christ's  institution.  Where- 
the  Lord's  fore  it  can  be  no  sacrament,  for  that  it  wanteth  of  Christ's  institution." 
wmfoutit  Cosins:—"  We  do  forbid  none  to  come  to  it,  but  as  many  as  iist  may  be  par- 
be  receiv-  takers  with  us  at  the  mass,  if  they  require  it." 

sfcra"°  Philpot  .-—"Nay,  that  they  shall  not,  though  they  require  it;  you  will 
ment  minister  but  one  kind  unto  them,  which  is  not  after  Christ's  institution.  Be- 
What  the  si'les  that,  you  ought,  before  you  go  to  mass,  to  exhort  all  that  be  present,  to 
priests  make  a  sacrifice  of  thanksgiving,  for  Christ's  passion  with  you,  and  exhort 
doit  their  "^'^'^  *°  ^^  partakers  with  you,  according  to  Christ's  commandment,  saying 
mass.  unto  all  that  be  present,  'Take  ye,  eat  ye:'  and  likewise,  by  preaching,  show 
forth  the  Lord's  death,  which  you  do  not." 

Cosins  : — "  What  if  all  things  be  done,  even  as  you  would  have  it,  and  whilst 
the  minister  is  about  to  minister  the  sacrament,  before  any  have  received  it, 
there  rise  a  certain  hurly-burly,  that  the  communicants  be  compelled  to  go 
away :  is  it  not  a  sacrament  for  all  that  none  have  communicated  beside  the 
priest?" 

Philpot ;— -"  In  this  case,  where  all  things  are  appointed  to  be  done  accord- 
mg  to  God's  word,  if  incident  necessity  had  not  let,  I  cannot  say  but  it  is  a 
sacrament,  and  that  he  which  hath  received,  hath  received  the  true  sacrament." 
After  this  the  morrow-mass  priest  made  this  apish  reason : 

The  Morrow-7nass  Priest ;— "  If  the  sacrament  of  the  mass  be  no  sacrament, 
unless  all  do  receive  it,  because  Christ  said   'Take  ye,  eat  ye;'  then  the  sacra- 
ment of  baptism  is  no  sacrament  where  there  is  but  one  baptized,  because  Christ 
said   to   his   apostles,  '  Go  preach  the  Gospel  to  all  creatures,  baptizing   all 
nations  in  the  name  of  the  Father,'  etc. 
The  sa-         Philpot  .• — "  In  that  saying  of  Christ,  '  baptizing  all  nations,'  is  a  command- 
crament    ^ent  to  tlie  apostles,  to  baptize  all  sorts  of  men,  and  to  exclude  none  that  be- 
tismmay  lieve,  be  he  Gentile  or  Jew  ;  not  meaning  all  at  once,  for  that  were  impossible, 
tered  uir  ^"'^  ^^^^^^  ''^'"^  '"'''"^  examples  that  baptism  may  be  singularly  ministered  to 


one  person,  as  we  have  example  in  Christ  baptized  of  John,  and  in  the  Eunuch 
person,  baptized  of  Philip,  with  many  more  such  like :  but  so  have  vou  not  of  the 
Thesa-  sacrament  of  the  body  and  blood  of  Christ;  but  contrariwise,' by  the  express 
crameiit  ^ords  of  St.  Paul,  you  are  commanded  to  use  it  in  a  communion  and  participa- 
Lord's  tion  of  many  together,  "  As  oft  as  ye  come  together  to  eat  [meaning  the  Lord's 
remfireth  ^"PP^^]  ^^'''T  ""^  for  another.'*  And  also  the  minister,  in  the  celebration  of 
„„u.  tlie  sacrament,  speaketh  vmto  all  that  be  present  in  Christ's  behalf,  to  commu- 
nicate with  him,  saying,  'Take  ye,  and  eat  ye.'     Wherefore,  as  many  as  be 

(1)  Tlie  mass  is  a  sacrifice,  quoth  Harpslield.  (2)  "  Hoc  est  corpus  meimi." 

(3)  "  Accipite,  mandiicate." 

(4)  "Quoties  convenitis  ad  manducandum,  alius  aliuin  e.xpectate,"  1  Cor.  .\i. 


to  any 


a  comuiu 
iiioii 


HIS    NINTH    EXAMINATION.  60S 

present  and  do  not  communicate,  break  God's  commandment  in  not  receiving     Mary. 
the  same.     And  the  minister  is  no  just  minister  that  doth   not  distribute  the  -7-.^ 
sacrament,  as  Clirist  did,  to  all  that  are  present;  and  where  Clods  word  is    A.D. 
transgressed,  there  is  not  Christ  present,  and  consequently  it  is  no  sacrament.'     _^^'_ 

Harpsfield .— "  What !  would  you  have  it  no  sacrament  without  it  be  a  com-  ^t  the 
munion?"  minUtra- 

P/iilpot:—"  I  make  it  not  so,  but  God's  express  word  teachetli  me  so,  yea,  sup^VaU 
also  all  the  ancient  writers ;    as   St.  Chrysostome,  writing  upon  the  Epistle   to  that  be 
the  Ephesians,  saith,   '  that  the  oblation  is  in  vain,  where  none  doth  communi-  l'^^^['\^ 
cate  with  the  priest.'     If  by  his  judgment  the  action  of  the  priest  alone  is  in  commu- 
vain,  where  is  no  communion,  how  can  that  be  a  sacrament,  which  hecalleth  a  nicate. 
vain  oblation,  and  a  vain  standing  at  the  altar .'" 

Cosiiis .— •'  You  are  such  another  fellow  as    I  have  not  heard,   that  will  not  I^sjio 
have  the  mass  to  be  a  sacrament :   you  are  no  man  for  me  to  reason  withal.  ^"*" 
Come,  let  us  go  [pointing  to  the  morrow-mass  chaplain]  :  we  will  leave  you,  without 
master  Archdeacon,  and  him  together."     And  so  they  went  away.     Afterward  '^J^^^^_ 
the  Archdeacon  fell  into  earnest  persuasions  with  me,  saying :  nion. 

Harpsfield: — "  Master  Philpot,  you  and  I  have  been  of  old  acquaintance  a 
long  time.  We  were  school-fellows  both  in  Winchester  and  in  Oxford  many 
years.  Wherefore  I  must  wish  you  as  well  to  do  as  myself,  and  I  pray  you  so 
think  of  me."  „      •/•  1     j 

Philpot .— "  I  thank  you  for  vour  good  will  towards  me.     But  if  you  be  de-  Talk  be- 
ceived  (as  I  am  sure  vou  are),  I  shall  desire  you  not  to  wish  me  deceived  with  p^^^^^^ 
you  :  for,  afore  God,  I  tell  you  plainly,  you  are  highly  deceived,  and  maintain  and 
false  religion,  and  be  not  those  men  you  take  yourselves  for  ;  and,  if  you  do  not  HjjT«=- 
repent,  and  leave  ofi'your  persecuting  of  Christ's  truth,  you  will  go  to  the  devil 
for  it.     Therefore  consider  it  in  time.     I  give  you  warning,  for  else,  in  the  day 
of  judgment,  I  shall  be  a  witness  against  you,  that  I  told  you  this,  here  talking 
together."  .       ,  .   .  , 

Harpsfield .— "  Fie,  that  is  but  your  own  vain  singular  opinion.  1  perceive 
you  are  now  still  that  man  vou  were  in  Oxford." 

P/iilpof .— "  I  trust  you  can  report  no  notorious  evd  that  ever  you  knew  by 

me  there."  ■        ,       t  1  *    i 

Harpsfield:—''  1  can  sav  no  evil  of  your  conversation,  but  I  knew  you  to  be 
a  studious  man.  Marry,  if  you  remember  when  we  met  in  disputation  'in 
parvis,' you  would  not  lightly  give  over;  and  for  that  cause  I  speak  what  1 

^pSoi.— "Master  Harpsfield,  you  know  in  the  schools  of  Oxford,  when 
we  were  young  men,  we  did  strive  much  upon  vain  glory,  and  upon  contention, 
more  than  for  ihe  truth;  but  now,  our  years  and  our  riper  learning  teach  us  to 
fall  to  a  truth,  which  must  be  our  portion  for  ever.  And  it  I  was  then,  m  my 
time  of  ignorance,  earnest  in  my  own  cause,  I  ought  now  to  be  earnest  in  my 
master  t^irisfs  cause,  and  his  truth.  I  know  now  that  nothing  done  upon  ^'am 
glory  and  singularity  can  please  God,  have  it  never  so  godly  a  show  :  wherefore 
I  ijray  vou  judge  not  so  of  me  now." 

Harpsfield :—"  What,  will  you  think  yourself  better  learned,  than  all  the 

'T4oT.-'"MSa^^       -t  "P-  *^^  '-"-'^  «^  ^»'^  ^^"^'^'  ''''  "^'"" 

the  learned  of  God's  word."  ,    n   a 

Harpsfield .— "  Well,  I  will  talk  with  you  no  more  as  now,  but  pray  to  Ood 

*'  Xir-l^Tpray  God  open  both  our  hearts,  to  do  more  his  will,  than  we 
have  done  in  times  past."  . 

Harpsfield:—''  Ho !  keeper,  tike  him  away  with  you. 

Phitoot  —"  I  pray  vou,  master  Harpsfield,  tell  me  what  this  pronoun  'hoc  wn.atil>U 
dot^  dtmonstrale'and  ^ho^,  in  this  indicative  proposition,  as  you  call  it,  '  Hoc  P-"-, 
est  cormis  meum,' this  is  my  body?'  x.-  x.  u     ,\,    ''"^'"'"'■ 

HarSeW.-Mtdoth  demonstrate  the   substance  of  bread,  which  by    he  .tratc. 
wofdsTp-oken  by  the  priest,  and  by  the  omnipotency  of  God,  ,3  turned  into  the 

'^;:t:^uZ:2^^'^  the  bread,  as  you  say,  turned  into  Christ's 
body'" 

(1)  That  i»  against  the  opinion  of  Winchester.     Read  before  in  the  tractntion  of  Winchctcr'. 
sermon. 


654 


Mary. 

A.D. 
1555^ 

Harps- 
field  in  a 
double 
tale. 


Contra- 
riety in 
Popish 
doctrine. 
Pretence 
of  God's 


The  sub- 
stantial 
parts  of 
the  sacra- 
ment ta- 
ker, away 
liy  the 
papists. 


Harps- 
field 
giveth 
over  for 
lack  of 
good 
matter. 


THE    STORY    OF    JOHN    PHILPOT,    MARTYR. 

Harpsjield: — "Yea,  that  it  is." 

Philpot : — "  Wliy,  then  Christ's  body  receiveth  daily  a  great  increase  of  many 
thousand  pieces  of  bread  into  his  body,  and  that  is  his  body  become  now,  which 
was  not  before  ;  and  by  this  you  would  seem  to  make,  that  there  is  an  alteration 
in  Christ's  glorified  hotly,  which  is  a  wicked  thing  to  think." 

Then  Harpsfield  fetched  about  again,  and  remembering  better  himself,  and 
seeing  the  inconvenience  of  his  first  assertion,  of  the  transubstantiation  of  bread 
into  Christ's  body,  lie  said,  that  the  substance  of  bread,  after  the  words  spoken 
by  the  priest,  was  evacuated  or  vanished  away  by  the  omnipotency  of  God. 

PInlpot : — "  This  is  another  song  than  you  sang  first ;  and  here  you  may  see 
how  contrary  you  are  to  yourselves :  for  indeed  your  schoolmen  do  hold,  that  the 
very  substance  of  bread  is  really  turned  into  the  substance  of  Christ's  body.  And 
now  you  perceiving  of  late  the  inconvenience  which  is  objected  against  you  in  that 
opinion,  you  are  driven  to  imagine  a  new  shift,  and  say,  the  siibstance  of  bread 
is  evacuated  :  contrary  to  that  your  church  hath  first  believed  and  taught. 
Oh,  what  contrariety  is  there  among  you,  and  all  to  deface  the  sincere  truth  !" 

Harpsjield .- — "  Is  not  God  omnipotent  I   and  cannot  he  do  as  he  hath  said  ?" 

Philpot : — "  But  his  omnipotence  will  not  do  as  you  say,  contraiy  to  his  word 
and  to  his  honour.  It  is  not  God's  honour  to  include  him  bodily  into  a  piece 
of  bread,  and  of  necessity  to  tie  him  thereto.  It  is  not  God's  honour  for  you 
to  make  a  piece  of  bread  God  and  man,  which  you  see  before  your  face  doth 
putrify  after  a  certain  time.  Is  not  God's  omnipotency  as  able  to  give  his  body 
with  the  sacramental  bread,  as  to  make  so  many  turnings-away  of  the  bread,  as 
you  do,  and  that  directly  against  the  Scripture,  which  calleth  it  '  bread  '  many 
times  after  the  consecration

~1,338 words

The  next  day  after  dinner  I  was  brought  into  my  lord's  upper  hall,  and  there 
he  called  me  before  him  and  his  registrar,  and  before  Dr.  Chedsey,  in  the 
presence  of  two  homely  gentlemen,  and  a  priest  which  I  knew  not :  at  what 
titne  the  bishop  said, 

London : — "  I  do  here  lay  unto  this  man  in  your  presence  (requiring  you  to 
be  a  witness  against  him,  as  much  as  you  know  in  any  of  them)  these  articles 
this  book  of  the  catechism  made  in  king  Edward's  days,  also  these  conclusions 
agreed  upon  both  in  Oxford  and  Cambridge.  Also  I  lay  unto  him,  that  he  hath 
despised  the  censures  of  the  church,  and  hath  stood  accursed  more  than  this 
twelvemonth,  and  never  required  absolution  thereof.  How  say  you,  wast  thou 
not  accursed  by  my  lord  chancellor  ?  " 

Philpot:  -"I  was  excommunicated  by  him  wrongfully,  and  without  any  just 
catise,  and  without  order  of  law ;  being  never  personally  cited." 

London : — "  Didst  thou  not  tell  me  the  other  day,  when  I  required  thee  to 
come  to  the  mass,  that  thou  wast  excommunicated,  and  therefore  by  the  law 
couldst  not  hear  mass  ?      How  long  hast  thou  been  thus  excommunicated?" 

Philpot: — "  More  than  a  twelvemonth  and  a  half." 

Loudon: — "  Lo,  you  may  hear  what  he  saith :  write  it." 

Philpot : — "  But  as  you  would  have  written,  that  I  have  said  I  have  been 
thus  long  excommunicated ;  so  also  let  him  write,  that  I  did  require  of  my  lord 
chancellor  that  did  excommunicate  me,  my  absolution,  but  he  would  not  crive 
it  me,  saying,  that  I  was  '  excomnnmicatus  ipso  jure,'  because  I  was  a  heretic, 


HIS    TENTH    EXAMINATION.  6^)5 

as  it  pleased  him  to  call  me ;  therefore  accursed  by  your  law :   and  so  com-    Mary. 
manded  me  to  prison,  where  I  remain."  .   p~~ 

Gentleman .— "  Why  do  you  not  require  absolution  at  my  lord's  hands  here     A-U. 
now?"  — *' 

Philpot : — "  Because  he  is  not  mine  ordinary,  neither  hath  by  the  law  any 
thing  to  do  with  me  of  right." 

London .— "  What  an  obstinate  fool  is  this !  I  tell  thee  I  will  be  thme  ordi- 
nary, whether  thou  wilt  or  no," 

Philpot .— "  And  because  of  this  your  unrighteous  force  towards  me,  I  have  ^'^''[P^J^^ 
appealed  from  you,  and  require  you,  master  registrar,  that  my  appeal  may  be  f/XiVon- 
entered  in  writing."  ner  again. 

London: — "  Have  you  heard  such  a  froward  fellow  as  this?  he  seemed  yes- 
terday to  be  very  tractable,  and  I  had  a  good  hope  of  him.  I  tell  thee  tliou 
art  of  my  diocese."  „ 

Philpot : — "  I  am  of  Winchester  diocese,  and  not  of  London  diocese. 

London: — "  I  pray  you  may  not  a  man  be  of  two  dioceses  at  once?" 

P/^Z/ho/.—"  No,  that  he  cannot."  .      ,     ,        •      , 

London  — "  Lo,  will  you  see  what  an  ignorant  fool  this  is  in  the  law,  m  the  How  one 
which  he  would  seem  to  be  seen  !     I  teirthee  a  man  may  be  of  three  dioceses  |';,%J"'°^ 
at  once :  as  if  thou  wcrt  born  in  London,  by  reason  thereof  thou  shouldst  be  dioceses 
of  my  diocese :   or  else  if  thou  wert  not  born  here,  but  hadst  a  dignity,  also  at  once, 
thou  art  to  be  counted  of  my  diocese  :  or  else  by  reason  of  thy  habitation  in  my 

diocese."  ^  ,     ,  ,  •  .    v  d  . 

Philpot .— "  In  none  of  these  respects  I  am  of  your  lordship  s  diocese.  IJnt 
for  all  that,  this  will  not  follow,  that  I,  dwelling  at  Winchester,  am  at  that 
present  of  London  diocese."  , 

London  .— "  What  wilt  thou  lay  thereof?    Wilt  thou  recant  if  I  prove  it  ? 

Philpot ;  — "  But  what  shall  I  win,  if  you  do  not?" 

London:—"  I  will  give  thee  my  bishopric,  if  I  prove  it  not. 

Philpot  — "  Yea,  but  who  shall  deliver  it  me  if  1  win  ? " 

London :—"  Thou  art  an  arrogant  fool.*  Enter  their  oaths,  and  take  these 
witnesses'  depositions.     I  must  be  gone  to  the  parliament-house." 

After  this  spake  unto  me  a  priest  standing  by,  asking  me  whether  1  was  kin 
to  my  lord  Riche,  or  no." 

Philpot:—!  said,  "  He  said  so  himself  tome  the  other  day,  but  how,  I  know 

not."  ,  •      •  1   ,  • 

Ckedsey .— "  I  heard  him  say  he  was  his  nigh  kinsman. 

Balaamite .— "  Why,  then  you  and  I  must  be  of  kin,  for  he  is  my  nigh  kms-  n.s^Ba- 
man.     How  chanceth"  it  that  you  and  I  be  of  contraiy  judgments  ?  kinsman. 

Philuot  — "  It  is  no  marvel ;  for  Christ  prophesied,  '  that  the  father  shall^  be 
divided  against  the  son,  and  the  son  against  the  father,  for  my  truth  s  sake. 

Balaamile  .— "  You  do  hold  (as  I  understand)  against  the  blessed  sacrament 
of  the  altar,  and  against  the  holy  mass." 

Phihot .— "  If  you  can  prove  it  a  sacrament,  I  will  not  hold  against  you. 

Balaamile:-^'  What,  prove  it  a  sacrament,  quoth  he!     Doth  not  St.  I  au   Scrip.ure 
say,  '  That  such  things  as  the  eye  hath  not  seen,  neither  ear  heard,  hath  God  h-d;^ 
Drenarcd  for  them  that  love  him  ?"'  ,         ,  .  *    applied. 

Philnot— -That  saying  of  St.  Paul  concerneth  nothing  j-our  sacrament; 
bufis  meant  of  tlie  heavenly  joys  that  be  prepared  for  all  faitlifu   believers 

Balaamite .— "  Why,  then  I  perceive  you  understand  not  St.  I  aul.    By  God, 

^°Sot'-!i"You  ought  not  to  swear,  kinsman,  if  you  will  that  I  shall  so  call 
you  a^nd  without  disworship  of  our  kindred.  I  understand  St  Paul  as  well  as 
von  and  know  what  I  say."  [And  with  that  showed  him  a  Greek  Testament 
S  ErasmusV^ranslation,'  and  with  the  old  also,  demanding  him  which  text 
he  was  best  acquainted  withal.] 

(„  "Qua.  ocuiu,  .JO..  ^^^^^  srSh-vXrii  ^!:;i:rr;::in«;.e  one  .„ 

(2)  This  was  no  ''"""  '  "=. j^^^^-^t^'terges  It  l^ar»  the  title  -  Novum  Test.  cuu.  .lupllei  inter- 
which  the  '«' «,f '/;^,''\;f;;i  eTs7etc.Tex  on!^i..a  Ko.>er.i  8te,.hani.  li5L"  In  the  copy  from 
pretat.one  Erasmi  et  vet^  transcribed,  it  ^ay  be  remarked,  that  the  words  D.  Kra.n.l  have  been 
which  this  title  "a»  ''='-""?.",."'„,'  „  ,...?  ,orn  out,  in  order  to  render  the  volume  Inoffensively 
erased,  and  'he  preface  cons.st.nRo  one     a    tor^^^^^^^^  ^  ^^^.^^^^^^  in  ULonR's 

papal     Any  curiosity  al^^ut  the  ed.t.on  aim  ^^^^^^  ^^  republication  of  it.  vol.1. 

I  ^i^al^'Ki^Vh  Witt:  or''ELmu1i'.  irvei  Te^ament  lBa.iii«.  U27)  U  arranged  U.  the  same 


656  THE    STORY    OF    JOHN    PHILPOT,    MARTYIl. 

Mary.        Balaamite : — "  I  knew  Greek  too  once,  as  v^ell  as  you ;  I  care  not  which  you 

A.L>.  Philpol : — "  You  know  them  then  all  alike  ;  you  understand  the  one  as  well  as 
^^"^"'-  the  other."  With  this  my  Balaamite  kinsman  departed  in  a  fury. 
The  next  The  next  day  after  I  was  brouglit  down  again,  after  dinner,  to  the  chapel, 
day's  talk  and  there  my  Balaamite  kinsman  (to  verify  the  Scriptures,  that  a  man's  own 
bis^mp'r  kinsfolks  shall  be  his  enemies)  came  in  with  the  bishop  as  a  witness  against  me  : 
and  there  the  bishop  caused  another  that  came  to  him  about  other  matters,  to 
Witness  swear  also  to  be  a  witness  against  me,  which  was  a  priest  also ;  saying,  "  You 
sworn  &\^ii\\  swear  to  depose  all  the  truth  of  certain  articles  you  shall  be  inquired  of 
against  concerning  this  man  ;"  and  here  I  (according  to  the  law)  do  bring  them  forth  in 
Philpot.     jjjy  presence. 

Philpot  Philpot : — "  My  lord,  I  do  not  agree  to  the  production  of  them,  but  do  appeal 

a^aiif'**^  from  all  these  and  other  your  proceedings  against  me  :  and  require  you,  master 
from  the  Registrar,  that  my  appeal  may  be  entered,  and  I  will  give  you  for  your  labour." 
bishop.  Bef/lstrar : — "  Your  appeal  shall  be  entered  at  leisure.    Whom  do  you  appeal 

unto  ?  tell  me." 

Philpot : — "  I  appeal  to  a  higher  judge,  as  to  the  lieutenant  of  the  archbishopric 
of  Canterbury  ;  for  1  know  not  who  is  bishop  thereof  at  this  present."  With 
that  the  bishop  went  away,  and  my  Balaamite  kinsman,  looking  big  upon  me, 
but  said  never  a  word. 

Thus  have  I  in  haste  scribbled  out  all  mine  examinations  hitherto,  that  the 
same  which  hath  been  done  unto  me  in  dark,  might  come  to  light,  and  that  the 
papists'  unjust  proceedings,  and  nakedness  in  their  false  religion,  might  be 
known  to  their  confusion.  Jesus  is  Emmanuel,  that  is,  God  with  us.  Amen. 
1555. 

The  Eleventh  Examination  of  John  Philpot,  had

~519 words

would  he  should  do  well,  but  he  will 
bfshops      wilfidly  cast  away  himself" 

and  doc-        Durham. : — "  Come  hither  sir  ;  what  is  your  name?" 
Philpot  : — "  My  name  is  Philpot." 

Durham  : — "  I  have  heard  of  that  name  to  be  a  worshipful  stock ;  and  since 
you  be  a  gentleman,  do  as  you  may  live  worshipfully  among  other  gentlemen. 
What  is  the  cause  of  your  trouble  now  ?  " 

I  told  him  the  cause,  as  in  my  former  examination  is  expressed. 
Durham : — "  Well,  all  causes  set  apart,  will  you  now  be  a  conformable  man 
to  the  catholic  faith,  and  leave  all  new  fanglcd  opinions  and  heresies  ?  1  wis  I 
was  in  Germany  with  Luther  at  the  beginning  of  these  opinions,  and  can  tell 
how  they  began.  Leave  them,  and  follow  the  catholic  church  throughout  the 
whole  world,  as  the  whole  realm  now  doth." 

Philpot : — "  My  lord,  I  am  in  the  catholic  faith,  and  desire  to  live  and  die 
in  the  same.  But  it  is  not  unknown  to  your  lordship,  that  I  with  others 
these  twenty  years  have  been  taught  another  manner  of  faith  than  you  now  go 
about  to  compel  us  unto  :  wherefore  it  is  requisite  that  we  have  a  time  to  weigh 
the  same,  and  to  hear  how  it  agreeth  with  God's  word.    For  faith  is  at  a  sudden 

manner  as  this  of  Stephen's,  and  is  the  one  alluded  to  in  Foxe  (vol.  v.  p.  1I7|,  as  containiniT  the 
first  mention  of  Tonstall's  name,  by  which  Tyndale  was  attracted  :— see  Russel's  edition  of  Tyn- 
dale  and  Frith's  works,  vol.  i.  p.  500.  Fo.\e  says,  "in  the  annotations;"  but  it  would  be  more  cor- 
rect to  refer  to  the  "  capita  argum,  contra  morosos  quosdam  ac  indoctos,"  near  the  close.  These 
precede  the  text,  and  are  in  the  Basle  edition  unpaged;  and  here  it  is  that  Tonstall's  name  appears 
a.s  bishop  of  London.— Ed. 


tors. 


ins    ELEVENTH    EXAMINATION.  «)'.7 

neither  won,  neither  removed, but,  as  St.  Paul  saith,  'Faith  conieth  by  hcatinj.^.     Maty 
and  hearing  by  the  word.'  "'  

Cliichcster : — "  And  if  you  will  give  me  leave,  my  lord,  I  will  show  him  how    A-  1^- 
he  taketh  the  saying  of  St.  Paul  amiss,  as  many  others  now-a-days  alleging  the     ^•''^•^- 
same  do,  tiiat  they  ought  not  to  be  conipt'llcd  to  believe :  whereas  St.  Paul  Papists 
meaneth  of  infidels,  and  not  of  tlie  faithful.     And  so  St.  Augustine,  writing  «inii.ivi- 
against  the  Donalists,  saitli,  that  the  faitliful  may  be  compelled  to  believe.^  nmlpou'-'^ 

Philpot: — "St.  Bernard  (if  it  please  your  lordsliip)  doth  talce  that  sense  of  ed. 
St.  Paul  as  I  do,  saying,  that  faith  must  be  persuaded  to  a  man,  and  not  en-  Faith 
joined.^     And  St.  Augustine  speaketh  of  such  as  were  first  thoroughly  per-  J*"^' ""' 
suaded  by  manifest  scriptures,  and  yet  would  resist  of  stubborn  wilfulness."         pellcd. 

Chichester: — "So  Bernard  meaneth  of  infidels  also." 

Philpot : — "  No,  my  lord,  that  lie  doth  not,  for  he  writeth  not  of  the  infidels, 
but  he  writeth  of  such  as  were  deceived  by  errors." 

Chichester : — "  My  lord  of  Durham,  I  have  been  so  bold  to  interrupt  your 
lordship  of  your  tale  :   I  pray  you  now  proceed  on." 

Durham: — "Master

~219 words

false  report  of  his 

examination,  as  you  shall  hear,  not  being  content  to  be  evil  liimself,  but  to  make  A.  I). 
others  as  bad  as  himself.  He  all-to  tare  the  letter  when  he  saw  my  man  went  ^  •'^•'J-''- 
about  to  search  him;'  but  yet  1  have  pieced  it  again  together,  and  caused  a  i>iiiii>ot 
copy  to  be  written  thereof."  [And  he  read  the  torn  letter,  bidding  master  Chris-  <iiar(!iU 
topherson  and  Morgan  to  mark  the  copy  thereof.]  u-tter* 

The  contents  of  the  letter  were  the  examination  of  master  Green  before  the  written  to 
bishop  of  London  in  the  presence  of  master  Fecknam,  dean  of  Paul's,  and  of  "j^^^" 
divers  others ;  whose  ready  answers  in  the  Scriptures  and  in  the  doctors  were  ^,|^^  ^ '^^ 
wondered  at  of  the  dean  himself,  and  of  many  others,  as  Fecknam  did  report ;  ti  nts  i>r 
and  that  he  was  committed  to  Dr.  Chedsey,  and  to  have  his  meat  from  tlie  I'liilpoi's 
bishop's  own  table.   "  How  say  you,  my  lords,  was  this  well  done  of  him,  being  Ofgen'" 
my  prisoner,  to  write  this  ?     And  yet  he  hath  written  a  shamefid  lie,  that  he 
was  in  Dr.  Chedsey 's  keeping.     How  say  you,  master  doctor  Chedsey,  is  it  not 
a  shameful  lie?" 

Chedsei/ : — "  Yes,  my  lord,  he  was  never  in  my  keeping." 

London  .- — "  Art  thou  not

~1,397 words

was  possessed  of  a  devil,  most  blasphemously." 

Durham : — "  My  lord  of  London  !  I  can  tarry  no  longer,  I  must  needs  bid 
you  farewell.  Master  Philpot,  me  thinketh  you  have  said  well,  that  you  will 
abide  in  the  catholic  faith,  and  in  the  catholic  chiuxh :  I  pray  you  so  do,  and 
you  shall  do  right  well."  [And  so  he  departed  with  master  Weston  and  master 
Hussey.] 

Philpot : — "  I  have  purposed  so  to  do,  howsoever  I  speed,  by  God's  grace." 

London : — "  I  pray  you  my  lord  of  Chichester,  and  master  prolocutor,  and 
master  doctor  Morgan,  to  commune  with  him  whiles  I  bring  my  lord  of  Dur- 
ham going." 

Christopherson  : — "  Master  Philpot,  I  was  acquainted  with  you  at  Rome,  if 
you  be  remembered  (but  you  have  forgotten  me),  and  talked  somewhat  with  you 
of  these  matters ;  and  I  find  you  now  the  same  man  that  you  were  then,  I  wish 
it  were  otherwise.  For  God's  sake  be  conformable  to  men  that  be  better  learned 
than  you,  and  stand  not  in  your  own  conceit." 

Fhilpot : — "  Whereas  you  call  me  in  remembrance  of  acquaintance  had  at 
Rome,  indeed  it  was  so,  though  it  were  but  very  strange  on  your  part,  to  me- 
ward,  being  driven  to  necessitj'." 

Christopherson  : — "  You  know  the  world  was  dangerous  at  that  time." 

Fhilpot: — "  Nothing  so  dangerous  as  it  is  now  ;  but  let  that  pass.  Whereas 
you  say,  you  find  me  to  be  the  same  man  I  was  then,  I  praise  God  for  that  you 
see  me  not  like  a  reed  wavering  with  every  wind.  And  whereas  you  would  have 
me  follow  better  learned  men  than  myself:  indeed  I  acknowledge  that  you,  with 
a  great  many  others,  are  far  better  learned  than  I,  whose  books,  in  respect  of 
learning,  I  am  not  worthy  to  carry  after  you.  But  faith  and  the  wisdom  of  God 
consist  not  in  learning  only,  and  therefore  St.  Paul  willeth  that  our  faith  be  not 
grounded  upon  the  wisdom  of  man.  If  you  can  show  by  learning  out  of  God's 
book,  that  I  ought  to  be  of  another  faith  than  I  am,  I  Avill  hear  you,  and  any 
other  man  whatsoever  he  be." 

Christopherson: — "I  marvel  why  you  should  dissent  from  the  catholic 
church,  since  it  hath  thus  long  universally  been  received,  except  within  this  five 
or  six  years  here  in  England." 

Fhilpot: — "  I  do  not  dissent  from  the  tnie  catholic  church;  I  do  only  dis- 
sent from  the  bishop  of  Rome,  where  if  you  can  prove  to  be  the  catholic  church 
of  Christ,  I  will  be  of  the  same  also  with  you." 

Christopherson : — "Will  you  believe  St.  Cyprian,  if  I  can  show  out  of  him,  "  that 
the  church  of  Rome  is  such  a  one,  unto  the  which  misbelief  cannot  approach."' 


(I)  "  Qu'Jd  eccksia  Romana  est  talis  ad  (luam  jicrfidia  acccdcre  non  potest; 


Ills    ELEVKNTH     KXAMIXATIOX. 


661 


Philpot ;— "  I  am  sure  you  cannot  show  any  such  saying  out  of  St.  Cyprian."    Mary. 
Christopherson  .— "  What  will  you  lay  thereon?"-        _^  "^^  j^ 

Philpot : — "  I  will  lay  as  much  as  I  am  able  to  make."  ^         '  '     ' 

Morgan  .— "  Will  you  promise  to  recant,  if  I  show  his  saying  to  be  true.  '    '  '. 

Philpot  :—"  My  foith  shall  not  hang  upon  any  doctor's  saying,  further  than 
he  shall  be  able  to  prove  the  same  by  Clod's  word." 

Christopherson  .— "  I  will  go  fetch  the  book,  and  show  it  him  by  and  by. 
And  therewithal  he  went  into  the  bishop's  study,  and  fetched  Cyprian,  and 
appointed  out  these  words  in  one  of  his  epistles,  "  Hut  unto  tlie  Romans,  whose 
faith  by  the  testimony  of  the  apostle  is  praised,  misbelief  can  have  no  access.    > 
Philpot.— ''These  words  of  Cyprian  do  nothing  prove  your  pretensed  asser- 
tion, which  is,  that  to  the  church  of  Rome  there  could  come  no  misbelief. 
Christopherson  .— "  Good  Lord,  no  doth  ?    What  can  be  said  more  plainly  ? 
Philpot  .•— "  He  speaketh  not  of  the  church  of  Rome  absolutely." 
Christopherson  ;— "  By  God,  a  child  that  can  but  liis  grammar,  will  not  deny 
th<*t  you  do,  the  words  be  so  plain." 

Philpot ;— "  Swear  not,  master  doctor,  but  weigh  Cyprian's  words  with  me, 
and  I  shall  make  you  to  say  as  1  have  said." 

Christopherson  ;— "  1  am  no  doctor,  but  I  perceive  it  is  but  labour  lost  to 
reason  with  you."  .  . , 

And  with  that  the  bishop  of  London  came  in  blowing  again,  and  said,  Dr  Day 
"  What!  is  my  lord  of  Chichester  gone  away  also?"  [for  he  even  a  little  before  '^^^^l^^^] 
departed  also  without  saying  any  other   word,  but  he  must  needs  be  gone. J 
"  What  is  the  matter  you  now  stand  upon?" 

Morgan :—'' Master  Christopherson  hath  showed  master  Philpot  a  notable 
place  of  the  authority  of  the  church  of  Rome,  and  he  maketh  nothing  of  it 

Bonner .— "  Where  is  the  place?  Let  me  see.  By  my  faith  here  is  a  place 
alone.  Come  hither,  sir,  what  say  you  to  this  ?  Nay,  tarry  a  while,  I  will  help 
this  place  with  St.  Paul's  own  testimony,  the  first  to  the  Romans,  where  he 
saith,  that  their  faith  is  preached  throughout  the  world.  How  can  you  be  able 
to  answer  to  this  ?"  .  .,        ,,    , 

Philpot  — "  Yes,  my  lord,  it  is  soon  answered,  if  you  will  consider  all  tlie  a  place  of 
words  of  Cyprian  :  for  he  speaketh  of  such  as  in  his  time  were  faithlul  at  Cypnan 
Rome,  and  fallowed  the  doctrine  of  St.  Paul,  as  he  had  taught  them,  and  as  it  ^.,l 
was  notified  throughout  the  world  by  an  epistle  wliich  he  had  written  in  the 
commendation  of  their  faith.     '  With  such  as  arc  praised  of  St.  Paul  at  Rome, 
for  following  the  true  faith,  misbelief  can  have  no  place.  \  And  it  you  can 
show  that  tlie  faith  which  the  church  of  Rome  holdcth  now,  is  that  faith  which 
the  apostle  praised  and  allowed  in  the  Romans,  in  his  time,  then  will  I  say  that 
St.  Cyprian  then  said,  and  with  you,  'that  infidelity  can  have  no  place  there : 
but  otherwise  it  maketh  not  absolutely  for  the  authority  of  the  church  of  Rome, 
as  you  do  mistake  it."  ,     ,     t   i  •  i 

Christopherson  .—"  You  understand  Cyprian  well  indeed  :   I  think  you  never 

"  pS;;1^"  Y^I^Lter  doctor,  that  I  have;  I  can  show  you  a  b.K,k,  noted  Papl...^ 
with  mine  own  hand :  though  I  have  not  read  so  much  as  you,  yet  1  have  read  ..,„j  „,;,. 
somewhat.     It  is  a  shame  for  you  to  wrest  and  writhe  the  doctors  as  ym.  do    o  reporters 
maintain  a  false  religion,  which  be  altogether  against  you    if  you  take  the     o^e, 
ari-^ht.     And  indeed  your  false  packing  of  doctors  together  hath  given  me  and 
otlfers  occasion  to  look  upon  them,  whereby  we  find  you  shame.ul  liars,  and 
misreporters  of  the  ancient  doctors."  „        ,     .  ?  a,  .„  „r  v«..r 

il/oV^««.— "  What!  will  you  be  in  hand  to  allow  doctors  now?  they  of  jour 
sect  do  not  so  :   I  marvel  therefore  you  will  allow  tlu-m.  c,,.;„,„ro<, 

Philpot:—''  I  do  allow  them  inasmuch  as  they  do  agree  with  the  Scr  ptures, 
and  so  do  all  they  which  be  of  the  truth,  howsoever  you  term  us:  and  1  praise 
God  for  that  good  understanding  I  have  received  by  them. 

Christopherson  :-."\Shai\   you    understand  not   the  doctors,  you  may  be 

^"^mpoT-''\L^A  God  I  understand  them  better  than  you  :  for  you  have 
the  bfiness  of  heart-  so  that  you  understand  not  truly  what  you  read,  no 

(,)  "Ad  Romano,  ..utem.  quorum  fide,  apos.olo  Vr^'^'^'?'^^  ^^^^^  "'"•""'" 
(3)  "  Exca'cationcin  cordis. ' 


Mary. 

A.D. 
1555. 

Doctors 
make 
against 
the  pa- 
pists, if 
tliey  be 
rightly- 
taken. 


Morgan 
here  be- 
ginneth 
to  play 
the  eipuv 


The  sa- 
crament 
abused  by 
the  pa- 
pists, how 
and 

■wherein. 
Sacra- 
ment in 
one  kind. 


THE    STORY    OF    JOHN    PHILPOT,    MARTYU. 

more  than  the  wall  here,  as  the  taking  of  Cyprian  doth  well  declare.  And, 
afore  God,  you  are  but  deceivers  of  the  people,  for  all  your  brag  you  make  of 
learning ;  neither  have  ye  scripture  or  ancient  doctor  on  your  side,  being  truly 
taken." 

Morgan  : — "  Why,  all  the  doctors  be  on  our  side,  and  against  you  altogether." 

Philpot : — "  Yea,  so  you  say  when  you  be  in  your  pulpits  alone,  and  none  to 
answer  you.  But  if  you  will  come  to  cast  accounts  with  me  thereof,  I  will 
venture  with  you  a  recantation,  that  I  (as  little  sight  as  I  have  in  the  doctors) 
will  bring  more  authorities  of  ancient  doctors  on  my  side,  than  you  shall  be  able 
for  yours ;  and  he  that  can  bring  most,  to  him  let  the  other  side  yield.  Are  ye 
so  content  herewith  ?" 

Christopherson

~200 words

to  one  that  was  sick."'' 

Phi/pot: — "  I  have  read  indeed  that  tliey  did  use  to  give  that  was  left  of  the 
connnunion  bread  to  children,  to  mariners,  and  to  women  ;  and  so  peradven- 
ture  the  boy  might  carry  a  piece  of  that  was  left  to  the  sick  man." 

(1)  "  In  orationibus  68  fractione  panis." 
.  (2)  Synecdoche  is  a  figure,  when  by  one  thing  or  by  i^art  the  whole  is  understood. 

(3)  Eusebius  hath  these  words :  "  Parum  Eucharistia}  puero  dedit,"  i.  e.  "  He  gave  a  little  of  the 
sacrament  to  the  boy  :"  which  words  may  very  well  comprehend  both  parts.  And  ic  sccraeth  by 
the  words  that  follow,  that  part  of  it  was  liquor,  for  it  is  written  in  the  same  place,  ".lu.ssit  ut  id 
irifunderct,  et  in  os  senis  instillaret."  1.  "  He  commanded  that  he  should  pour  it  and  drop  it  into 
the  man's  mouth,  and  so  he  did."— Euseb.  in  Eccles.  Hist.  lib.  vii.  cap.  44. 


HIS    ELEVENTH    EXAMINATION.  ()()3 

Christopherson  .- — "  Nay,  as  a  sacrament  it  was  purposely  sent  unto  him."         Mary. 

Philpot:—'^  If  it  were  so,  yet  can  you  not  precisely  say  that  lie  had  not  the  '      . 
cup  ministered  unto  him,  also,  by  some  other  sent  unto  him.     But  thoui^h  one       \/ 
man  did  use  it  thus,  doth

~295 words

what  Christ  first  of  all 
men  did  and  commanded.'  "  ' 

Christopherson .— "  Hath  not  the  church  taught  us  so  to  use  the  sacrament? 
and  how  do  we  know  that  Christ  is  '  homousios,'  that  is,  of  one  subsUmce  with 
the  Father,  but  by  the  determination  of  the  church  ?  How  can  you  prove  that 
otherwise  by  express  words  of  Scripture  ;  and  where  find  you  '  homousios  '  in 
all  tlie  Scripture  ?" 

Philpot .— "  Yes,  that  I  do  in  the  first  of  the  Hebrews,  where  it  is  written 
that  Christ  is  the  express  image  of  God's  own  substance,  '  cjusdem  substantiae.'  " 

Christopherson  .— "  Nay,  that  is  not  so.  That  is,  there  is  no  more  but  *  ex- 
pressa  imago  substantiae,'  the  express  image  of  God's  substance;  and  image  is 
accident."  , 

Pltilpot:—^'  It  is  in  the  text,  'of  his  substance,'  'substantiae  ilhus,  or  of  his 
own  substance,  as  it  may  be  right  well  interpreted.  Besides  this,  that  which 
Christ  spake  of  himself  in  St.  John  manifesteth  the  same,  saying,  '  I  and  the 
Father  be  one  thing,'  '  Ego  et  pater  unum  sumus.'  And  whereas  you  say, 
'imago,'  here  is  accidence,  the  ancient  fathers  use  this  for  a  strong  argument, 
to  prove  Christ  to  be  God,  because  he  is  the  very  image  of  God." 

Christopherson:— "Yea  do?  is  this  a  good  argument,  because  we  are  the 
image  of  God,  ergo,  we  are  God  V  ... 

Philpot .— "  We  are  not  called  the  express  image  of  God,  as  it  is  written  of  The 
Christ,  and  we  are  but  the  image  of  God  by  participation  ;  and,  as  it  is  written  ™»Bj^ 
in  Genesis,  we  are  made  to  the  likeness  and  similitude  of  God.     But  you  ought  not  like 
to  know,  master  Christopherson,  that  there  is  no  accident  in  God;  and  therefore  '^^^^\'^'^; 
Christ  cannot  be  the  image  of  God ;  but  he  must  be  of  the  same  substance  with 
God." 

Christopherson: — "Tush!" 

More/an .— "  How

~331 words

pertaineth  nothing  to  your  sacrament  hangfng  upon  your  alUrs  of  hme  and 

^^T/iristopherson .— "  No  doth ?     I  pray  you  what  significth  '  altar?'  "  Altar 

Philpol:-"  Not  as  you  falsely  take  it,  materially,  but  for  the  sacrifice  of  the  «JaM|^^ 

altar  of  the  cross."  .  .  ,       »•• 

Christopherson .— "  Where  find  you  it  ever  so  taken  ? 

„,  -Non  respicicnd.nn  .,uid  aliqui.  ante  uos  fecerit,  .cd  quid  ChrUtu.  qui  omnium  ,.nn,u. 
ante  nos  fecerit  et  uiandavit." 


C64  THE    STORY    OF    JOHN    PHILPOT,    MAKTYR. 

M„ry.         Philpot .— "  Yes  that  I  do  in  St.  Paul  to  tlie  Hebrews,  where  he  saith   "  We 
-— —  have  an  altar,  of  the  which  it  is  not  lawful  for  them  to  eat  that  serve  the'taber- 

Vl^r:    T    .'    \   ^^  "°^  ^^''''' '"  ^^"^  P''^'^^  ^'''^^"  ^''^  *^  sacrifice  of  the  altar,  and  not 
^^^^-    for  the  altar  of  lime  and  stone?" 

Christo-  Christopher S071 .—"  Well !  God  bless  me  out  of  your  company.  You  are  such 
I'herson,    an  obstinate  heretic,  as  I  have  not  heard  the  like." 

ofVeuer  J^^'i^of .— "  I  pray  God  keep  me  from  such  blind  doctors,  which  when  thev 
r,rfl  .  ft  r^  f^^f  to  prove  what  they  say,  then  they  fall  to  blasphemin-  (as  vou  now 
^^l^  ft^^'  ^-1^  of  better  proof"  In  the  mean  while  the  blhop  o?  LnSn  wa" 
ing.  talkmg  with  some  other  by,  and  at  length  came  into  supply  his  part,  and  said  • 

Londm  .— "  I  pray  you  masters,  hearken  what  I  shall  say  to  this  man 
Come  hither,  master  Green.  And  now  sir  [pointing  to  me],  you  cannot  think 
It  sufficient  to  be  naught  yourself,  but  must  go  about  to  procure  this  voun^ 
gentleman  by  your  letters  to  do  the  like,"  J       6 

Wran-  P^lpot :— "  My  lord,  he  cannot  say,  that  I  ever  hitherto  wrote  unto  him 

gling        concerning  any  such  matter,  as  he  here  can  testify." 
a-ainTt  Greeti.—"  No,  you  never  wrote  unto  me." 

I'hilpot.         ^onner  •—"Why,  is  not  this  your  letter  which  you  did  write  concerning  him?" 

J  hilpot:—^'l  have  showed  your  lordship  my  mind  concerning  that  letter  alreadv 

It  was  not  written  to  master  Green,  neither  was  he  privy  to  the  writing  thereof' 

London:—''  How  say  you  then,  If  a  man  be  in  an  error,  and  you  know 

thereof,  what  are  you  bound  to  do  in  such  a  case  ?" 

Philpot:—''  I  am  bound  to  do  the  best  I  can  to  bring  him  out  of  it  " 

Philpot:-"  Yes  that  I  am,  and  will  do  the  uttermost  of  my  power  therein." 
The  bishop  remembering  himself,  thinking  that  he  would  but  shrewdly  after 
his  expectation  be  holpen  at  my  mouth,  but  rather  confirmed  in  that  which  he 
called  an  error,  ceased  to  go  any  further  in  his  demand,  and  called  master 
Geen  aside  and,  before  his  registrar,  read  him  a  letter;  I  know  not  the  con- 
ents  thereof  And  therewithal  he  gave  master  Green  the  book  of  my  dispu- 
^"i'lVr,  <  ^°"^«cation-house;  and  afterward  went  aside,  communing  with 
master  Christopherson,  leaving  master  Morgan,  master  Harpsfield,  and  master 
Cosins  to  reason  with  me  m  the  hearing  of  master  Green 

jforgan :-"  Master

~239 words

apparent,  by  the  testimony  of  Huss,  Jerome 
0    Plague  and  Wicklift,  whom  your  generation  a  hundred  years  ago  a^d  more 

b  !?';;>,      r''5'"^  ''''  '^''^  ""'?  y°"  >  --^"^^  ^^^^^^  their  time  afd  since  had 
been   although  under  persecution  it  hath  been  put  to  silence  " 

cerii^3;";47::  to'fiU^t^""""'"  ^"-^"^^  ^•^"^'°"'  ^^"^^  -  --  -« ^^^ 

Philpot:—"  It  ought  to  be  no  marvel  unto  you  to  see  God's  truth  throu-h 
violence  oppressed;  for  so  it  hath  been  from  the  beginning  from  time  to  time 
as  It  appeareth  by  stories,  and  as  Christ's  true  religion  is  ifow  to  be  found  eS 
m  England,  although  hypocrisy  hath  by  violence  t1,e  upper  hand.  And  in  t^  e 
d^-Cnhfto'  ^""  "'^'i"  I'  T'  P;-7^^-i^'J'  tl^^t  the   true  church  should  be 

1/ir      ™Tf'  r"^  '"'''  '•'"  wdderness,  and  sufi^er  great  persecutions." 
thing!" "^  ^""  ^''^  '''"  '"  ^^'  Apocalypse?  there  are  many  strange 

^^^    if  f/'S°i{~"/^  "■  *'"  ^°"  ^^''  truth,  which  you  are  not  able  to  refel,  believe 
Mo.,.n.    ,t,  and  dally  not  out  so  earnest  matters.     Methinketh  you  are  liker  a  scoSr  n 

naKed  in  a  net,  and  you  see  not  your  own  nakedness." 

n.o^3dly7dgeSe"  •  ^  ^'^  ^""'  ^'  "''  ''  ^"^'^'^  "^^'^  ""''  '^^  ^  talk  a  little 

sSI'ttLli!^  '1",*''^''  T}^'  y^"  ^'  '""'^^y  *^«  y««  ^an  desire,  if  you  will 

?X  nvm  l^t  nltrm^^ou.'^"^  ''  ''^  ''  ^'""^  -^'^  ^^""^^  ^«  '^^'^  ^'^^ 

lalbe  )  ^   ■  "'■°"  ""'  ''^''B'O"  was  not.    The  antecedent  is  true,  and  the  consequence 


HIS    ELEVENTH    EXAMINATION.  665 

Morgan  .— "  Why  will  not  you  submit  your  judgment  to  the  learned  men  of  Mary. 
this  realm?''  , 

PIdlpot : — "  Because  I  see  they  can  bring  no  good  ground  whereupon  I  may,  A.  U. 
with  a  good  conscience,  settle  n'ly  faith  more  surely  than  on  that  which  I  am  155j. 
now  grounded  upon  by  God's  manifest  word." 

Mor^rtH.— "  No  do?  that  is  marvel

~222 words

Christ  which  is  in  me." 

Morgan :— "  Ah  !  by  faith  do  you  so?     I  ween  it  be  the  spirit  of  the  but-  f^^f^^^^ 
tery,  which  your  fellows  have  had  that  have  been  burned  before  you,  who  were  ^^„„j„j, 
drunk  the  night  before  they  went  to  their  death,  and  I  ween  went  dnmken  ?^><i_rmi-^ 

unto  it."  ...  ,    ^^  goodniar- 

Philpot: — "It  appeareth  by  your  communication,  that  you  are  better  ac-,j.rsof 
(luainted  with  the  spirit  of  the  buttery^  than  with  the  Spirit  of  God ;  wlierefore  I  God. 
must  now  tell  thee,  thou  painted  wall  and  hypocrite!  in  the  name  ot  the  living 
Lord,  whose  truth  I  have  told  thee,  that  God  shall  rain  fire  and  brimstone  upon 
such  scorners  of  his  word,  and  blasphemers  of  his  people,  as  thou  art." 

Morgan  : — "  What,  you  rage  now."  _ 

Phiipot  :— "  Thy  foohsli  blasphemies  have  compelled  the  Spint  of  God,  which 
is  in  me,  to  speak  that  which  I  have  said  to  thee,  thou  enemy  of  all  right- 
eousness!" 

il/oroan  .—"^^^ly  do  ye  judge  me  so?" 

Philpot .— "  By  thine  own  wicked  words  I  judge  of  thee,  thou  blind  and  blas- 
phemous doctor  !'  for  as  it  is  written,  '  By  thy  words  thou  shall  be  justified  and 
by  thy  words  thou  slialt  be  condemned.'  I  have  spoken  on  God  s  behalt,  and 
now  I  have  done  with  thee."  i    i    u  i 

Morgan

~594 words

me,  is  thy  „„^„,,,„ 
portion,  and  is  prepared  for  thee  (unless  thou  speedily  repent),  and  tor  such  hdi.  (i_re^^ 
hypocrites  as  thou  art."  ,  i      ^  .•     i  j       u  t^,!.,,.   ""•''«»'"' 

il/or^a«.— "What,  thou  speakest  upon  wine;  thou  hast  tippled  well  to-daj,  ,epent. 

^^So^-"  So  said  the  cursed  generation,  of  the  apostles  being  replenished 
with  the  Holy  Ghost,  and  speaking  the  wondrous  works  of  God.  Ihey  said, 
they  were  drunk,  when  they  had  nothing  else  to  say,  as  thou  dost  now. 

Morgan  .— "  Why,  I  am  able  to  answer  thee,  I  trow. 
■■    Philpot .— "  So  it  seemeth,  with  blasphemies  and  lies. 

Morgan  .— "  Nay,  even  with  learning,  say  what  thou 


uid  lies.' 

canst. 


Moraan  ■ — "  Nay,  even  with  learning,  say  wn.ii.  i..uu  ,.»...=,..  Mnrean 

So" -"That  appeared  well  at  my  disput^ition  in  the  convocation-house   Morgan^ 
where  i^hou  tookest  ui^on  thee  to  answer  those  few  arguments  I  was  permit  ed  „,.,„„ 
^S.?:^d  yet  wasfnot  able  to  answer  on.>^  ^^J^nonu^^.^^^  ^^  ^Z^ 


n  make  and  vet  wasi  noi  aoie  lu <iiis«li  v^'"^,  "- ,      ,.      ,  i      tin 

and  sta!;ner,-that  the  whole  house  was  ashamed  of  thee:  and  the  iinal  conclu-  t':i„,„„. 
sions  of  all  thine  answer  was,  that  thou  couldst  answer  me,  if  I  were  m  the  ,.ou.e. 
schools  at  Oxford!"  .    ,.    , 

^  '"T'  ■     J  i ,1  „n  tl,nt  wprn  nroscnt  then  can  tell,  if  they  list,  thou 


bear        record  thereto,  and  all  that  were  present  then  can  tell,  it  they  list   uum 
Sso^And  I  ten  tliee  plain,  thou  art  not  able_t.answ^  that  ^1-t  of  Ij^ 

lich  speaketh  in  me  for  the  dclence 

ght  thereof  to  drive  thee  round  ab 

.-ase  the  queen's  majesty  and  her  c 

ee  for  shame  shrink  behind  the  do 

Morgan:—"  Yea,  would  you  so?" 


whiclVsneaketh'in  me  for  the  defence  of  Christ's  true  religion.  I  am  able  by  the 
nS  them>f  tol^  thee  round  about  this  gallery  before  me  :  and  ,f  it  would 
plSe  Ihe  queen's  majesty  and  her  council  to  hear  thee  and  me,  I  would  make 
thee  for  shame  shrink  behind  the  door. 


(2)  A  fairy  or  goliliu,  said  to  haunt  pantrici 


butlcrict.  -  Ed. 


666 


THE    STORY    OF    JOHN    PHILPOT,    MAUTYK. 


Mary. 

A.D. 

. 1555. 

Morgan 
taken  up 
for  halt- 
ing. 


Harps- 
field  and 
Cosins 
depart. 


Christian 
truth 
called 
heresy. 


The  Holy 
Ghost  is 
Christ's 
vicar  up- 
on earth, 
and  how. 


Philpot : — "  Thou  hast  the  spirit  of  illusion  and  sophistry,  wliich  is  not  ahle 
to  countervail  the  Spirit  of  Truth.  Thou  art  but  an  ass  in  the  true  understanding 
of  things  appertaining  unto  God.  I  call  thee  ass,  not  in  respect  of  malice,  but 
in  that  thou  kickest  against  the  truth,  and  art  void  of  all  godly  understanding, 
not  able  to  answer  to  that  thou  braggest  in." 

Morgan  : — "  Why !  have  I  not  answered  thee  in  all  things  thou  hast  said 
unto  me?     I  take  them  to  record." 

Philpot ; — "  Ask  of  my  fellow  whether  I  be  a  thief !" 

Cosins: — "  Hark,  he  maketh  us  all  thieves." 

Philpot : — "  You  know  that  phrase  of  the  proverb,  that  like  will  hold  with 
like.  And  I  am  sm-e  you  will  not  judge  with  me,  against  him,  speak  I  never 
so  true ;  and  in  this  sense  I  speak  it.  The  strongest  answer  that  he  hath  made 
against  me  is,  that  you  will  burn  me." 

Morgan : — "  Why,  we  do  not  burn  you ;  it  is  the  temporal  men  that  burn 
you,  and  not  we!"* 

Philpot : — "  Thus  you  would,  as  Pilate  did,  vrash  your  hands  of  all  your 
wicked  doings.  But  I  pray  you,  call  upon  the  secular  power,''  to  be  executioners 
of  your  unrighteous  judgments.  And  have  you  not  a  title  in  your  law,  '  to  burn 
heretics?'  " 

Harpsjield

~219 words

time,  for  he  is  incurable." 

Boniier  : — "  Well  then,  let  his  keeper  have  him  away."  And  with  that  Dr. 
Chedsey  led  me  a  way  by  the  which  we  could  not  pass,  and  therefore  came  back 
again  through  the  bishop's  chamber,  Avhere  all  these  doctors  were  clustered  to- 
gether ;  and,  as  I  was  passing  by,  the  bishop  took  me  by  the  gown  and  said, 
"  Wot  you  what  master  Christopherson  telleth  me  ?  I  pray  you,  master 
Christopherson,  rehearse  the  sentence  in  Latin."  And  so  he  did:  the  contents 
whereof  were,  that  a  heretic  would  not  be  won. 

Christopherson ; — "  St.Paul  saith, '  Flee  a  heretic  after  once  or  twice  warning.'  "■* 

All  the  Doctors : — "  Yea,  my  lord,  it  is  best  you  so  do,  and  trouble  your  lord- 
ship no  more  with  him." 

Philpot : — "  You  must  first  prove  me  justly  to  be  a  heretic,  before  you  use  the 
judgment  of  St.  Paul  against  me  ;  for  he  speaketh  of  such  as  hold  opinion 
against  the  manifest  word,  the  which  you  cannot  prove  by  me  :  and  because 
you  want  in  your  proof,  and  be  able  to  prove  nothing  against  me,  therefore  you 
go  about  falsely  to  suppose  me  to  be  a  heretic,  for  the  safeguard  of  your  own 
counterfeit  honesties.  But  afore  God,  you  are  the  heretics  which  so  stoutly  and 
stubbornly  maintain  so  many  things  directly  against  God's  word,  as  God  in  his 
time  shall  reveal."j^As  I  went  out  of  his  chamUer  the  bishop  called  me  aside, 
and  said, 

Bonner : — "  1

~2,746 words

will  of  God  be  done  of 
me  to  his  glory.     Amen." 

The  T^yelftll  Examination  of  .Tolm  Philpot,  on  Wcclncsday  tlic  4th 

of  December,  before  the  Bishop  of  London,  the  Bishop  ut  W  or- 

cester,  and  the  Bishop  of  Bangor. 

In  the  mornintr  I  was  fetched  down  to  the  wardrobe  adjoining  to  the  chapel, 
and  within  a  while  after  came  three  of  the  bishop's  chaplah.s  unto  me,  saying, 
"  Master  Philpot,  my  lord  hath  sent  us  unto  you,  to  desire  you  to  come  to 
mass,  certifying  you'that  there  is  a  doctor  of  divinity,  a  chaplain  of  my  lords, 
a  notable  learned  man  called  Dr.  Chedsey,  going  to  mass,      fherefore  we  also 
pray  you.  good  master  Philpot,  be  content  to  come  :  it  is  hard  hereby. 
^Philpot  f-"  I  wonder  m}  lord  would  trouble  you  in  sending  you  about  this  Ph.Ipo.. 
matter,  seeing  he  knoweth  I  am  a^  man,  by  yoiu-  law,  that  cannot  hear  mass,  ,„^^^^,^_ 
because  I  stand  excommunicated."  ,  [*  ^^ 

Bishop's  Chaplain  .—"  Your  excommunication  is  but  upon  a  contumacy  ;  and      ~n>c. 
my  lord  will  dispense  with  you,  if  you  will  come." 

Philpot  :-"yiy  lord  cannot,  for  he  is  not  mine  ordinary,  and  I  will  not 


^^l^aStllTtty  t'uSdr  way  ;    and  after  mass  the  bishop  called  me  ^.o 
helbrelUmintohischapel,andt,.r.intl. 


hid  said  his  mind,  because  I  would  not  come  to  mass),  recited  the 

I>c/„fc  your  witnJjs  J  examined;    Tlia.  is  plain  agai""  your  aw„  law,  >u,  J^W. 

"%C^';'3?sr°j£Tl1»U:u  ar,  in  .ho  law      .  need  no.  .o  rcci.c  ES. 
.1,0  deposition,  of  .1.0  «i.ne»e,,  bu.  if  I  lis.;  for  I  know  .hem  .oil  enough 

already." 


668  THE    STORY    OF    JOHN    PHILPOT,    MARTYR. 

Mary.        Philpot :—"  It  appeareth  indeed  you  may  do  what  you  list." 

^-       Homier : — "Tell  me,  I  say,  whether  thou  wilt  answer,  or  no:  and  whether, 

-^         if  thou  wert  absolved  of  thine  excommunication,  thou  wouldst  come  to  mass 
i^^orno?" 

Philpot : — "  I  have  answered  as  much  as  I  intended  to  do  until  I  he  called  to 
lawful  judgment:  and  as  concerning  my  conscience,  I  will  not  make  you  God, 
to  sit  there  as  yet ;  it  is  God's  part  only,  to  be  searcher  of  my  heart." 

Bo7iner : — "Look  how  foolishly  he  speaks.  Art  thou  God?  and  yet  dost 
thou  not  sit  in  thine  own  conscience?" 

Philpot : — "  I  sit  not  in  mine  own  conscience ;  but  I  know  it,  and  God  there 
only  ought  to  sit,  and  no  man  else." 
Philpot  is      Bonner : — "  Thou  art  a  naughty  fellow,  and  hast  done  much  hurt,  and  hast 
re'juked     seduced  other  poor  fellows  here  in  prison  with  thee,  by  thy  comforting  of  them 
for^sing-    jjj  t]ieir  errors,  and  hast  made  them  rejoice  and  sing  with  thee." 
"'°'  Philpot : — "  Yea,  my  lord,  we  shall  sing,  when  you  and  such  others  as  you 

are  shall  cry,  '  Vse,  vse,'  '  Wo,  wo,'  except  you  repent." 

Bonner : — "  What  an  arrogant  fool  is  this !  I  Avill  handle  thee  like  a  heretic, 
and  that  shortly." 

Philpot : — "  I  fear  nothing,  I  thank  God,  you  can  do  to  me.     But  God  shall 
destroy  such  as  thou  art,  and  that  shortly,  as  I  trust." 
Bonner  : — "  Have  him  away  :  this  is  a  knave  indeed." 
And  I  was  had  into  the  wardrobe  again  by  my  keeper ;  and,  within  an  horn- 
after,  was  sent  for  to  come  before  him  and  the  bishops   of  Worcester  and 
Bangor. 

Bonner  .- — "  Sir,  I  have  talked  with  you  many  times,  and  have  caused  you  to  be 
talked  with  of  many  learned  men,  yea  and  honourable,  both  temporal  and 
spiritual,  and  it  availeth  nothing  with  you.     I  am  blamed  that  I  have  brought 
thee  afore  so  many  :  for  they  say  thou  gloriest  to  have  many  to  talk  withal. 
Well,  now  it  lieth  upon  thee  to  look  to  thyself;  for  thy  time  drawethnear  to  an 
end,  if  thou  do  not  become  conformable.     And  at  this  present  we  are  sent  from 
the  synod  to  offer  you  this  grace,  that  if  you  will  come  to  the  unity  of  the  church 
of  Rome  with  us,  and  acknowledge  the  real  presence  of  Christ  in  the  sacra- 
ment of  the  altar  with  us,  all  that  is  past  shall  be  forgiven,  and  you  received  to 
favour." 
Talk  be-         Worcester : — "  Master  Philpot,  we  are  sent  (as  you  here  have  heard  by  my 
tvveen        lord  of  Loudon)  from  the  synod,  to  offer  you  mercy,  if  you  will  receive  it;  and, 
^'d'tf'      ^^  good-will  I  bear  you,  I  wish  you  to  take  it,  whilst  it  is  offered  ;  and  be  not  a 
bishops  of  singular  man  against  a  whole  multitude  of  learned  men,  which  now  in  fasting 
Worcester  and  prayer  are  gathered  together  to  devise  things  to  do  you  good.    There  have 
Bangor      many  very  learned  men  talked  with  you.     Why  should  you  think  yourself  bet- 
ter learned  than  them  all  ?     Be  not  of  such  arrogancy,  but  have  hiunility : 
remember  thei'e  is  no  salvation  but  in  the  church." 

Bangor  : — "  Me  thinketh  my  lord  hath  said  wonderfully  well  imto  you,  that 

you  should  not  think  yourself  so  well  learned,  but  other  men  are  as  well  learned 

as  you,  neither  of  so  good  wit,  but  others  be  as  wise  as  you,  neither  of  so  good 

memory,  but  others  have  as  good  memories  as  you.     Therefore  mistrust  your 

own  judgment,  and  come  home  to  us  again.     I  wis  I  never  liked  your  religion, 

because  it  was  set  forth  by  violence  and  tyranny,  and  that  is  no  token  of  true 

religion. 1     And  I  was  the  same  manner  of  man  then,  that  I  am  now,  and  a 

great  many  more.     Marry,  for  fear  we  held  our  peace,  and  bare  with  that  time. 

Wherefore  master  Philpot,  I  would  you  did  well,  for  1  love  you :  and  therefore 

The  ]je  content  to  come  home  with  us  again  into  the  catholic  church  of  Rome." 

Jif,'ioii  Philpot : — "  Whereas,  my  lord  (as  I  may  begin  first  to  answer  you),  you  say, 

hath  no     that  religion  is  to  be  misliked,  which  is  set  forth  by  tyranny,  I  pray  God  you 

L'rouml  to  S'^*^  "°*'  '"'^"  occasion  to  think  the  same  by  yours  at  this  day,  which  hath  none 

stand  up-  other  argument  to  stand  by,  but  violence.     If  you  can  show  me  any  good  sufti- 

oii  but       cient  ground,  whereby  to  ground  my  conscience,  that  the  church  of  Rome  is  the 

Where      '^^"^  cathoUc  church,  whereunto  you  call  me,  I  will  gladly  be  of  the  same : 

this  reii-   Otherwise  I  cannot  so  soon  change  the  religion  I  have  learned  these  many 

Kion  was    years." 

dreu'""         Bangor: — "Where  was  your  religion  to  be  fouud  (I  pray  you)  a  hundred 

years  ago.  years  ago,  that  any  man  knew  of  it?" 

(1)  If  violence  and  tyranny  be  no  token  of  true  religion  :  what  may  men  judge  then  of  the  pope's 
religion,  piay  you? 


HIS    TWELFTH    EXAMINATION.  669 

PhUpot : — "  It  was  ill  (ierniany,  and  in  divers  other  places  ajjparcnt."  ji/nry. 

Worcester  :—"  3 cs.m\  will  you  be  still  so  singular  a  man  .'     What  is  Cer- — 

many  to  the  wiiole  world  ?  "  A.  1). 

Bonner: — "  My  lords,  I  pray  you  give  mc  leave  to  tell  you;  that  I  sent  for     ^'^'^^- 
him  to  hear  mass  this  morning.     And  wot  you  what  excuse  he  made  unto  me  .'  Uonnc-r 
forsooth,  that  he  was  accursed,  alleging  liis  own  shame.     He  playcth  as  the  '"''V"'  »^ 
yarlet  Latimer  did  at  Cambridge.     When  the  vice-chancellor  sent  for  him  (who  ^•*''""^'- 
intended    to  have  excommunicated  him  for  some  of  his  heresies),    and  the 
chancellor  was  coming  to   his  chamber,  he,  liearing   that  the  chancellor  was 
coming,  made  answer  that  he  was  sick  of  the  plague,  and  so  deluded  the  chan- 
cellor.    Even  so  this  man  saith,  he  is  accursed,  because  he  will  not  come 
to  mass." 

Worcester .- — "  My  lord,  I  am  sure,  here  doth  behave  himself  like  a  father 
unto  you ;  therefore  be  admonished  by  him,  and  by  us,  that  come  now  friendly 
unto  you,  and  follow  your  fathers  before  you." 

Pliilpot: — "It  is  forbidden  us  of  God  by  the  prophet  Ezekiel,  to  follow  our 
fathers,  or  to  walk  in  their  commandments." 

Worcester  .■ — "  It  is  written  also  in  another  place,  '  Ask  of  your  fathers.    "  ' 
PhUpot: — "  We  ought  to  ask  indeed  our  fathers  that  have  more  experience  Fathers 
and  knowledge  than  we,  of  God's  will ;  but  no  more  to  allow  them,  than  we  ""j^^j'" 
perceive  they  agree  with  the  Scripture."  i,ut  not 

Worcester: — "You will  be  a  contentious  man,  I  see  well;  and  St.  Paul  saith,  foil"»«--J 
that  neither  we,  nor  the  church  of  God,  have  any  such  custom."  than'thcy 

PhUpot : — "  I  am  not  contentious  but  for  the  verity  of  my  faith,  in  the  which  follow  the 
I  ought  to  contend  with  all  such  as  do  impugn  the  same  without  any  just  ^'""P" 
objection." 

Worcester : — "  Let  us  rise,  my  lord,  for  I  see  we  shall  do  no  good." 
Bonner : — "  Nay,  I  pray  you  tarry  and  hear  the  articles  I  lay  to  his  charge." 
And  after  he  had  recited  them,  they  arose,  and  after  standing,  they  reasoned 
with  me  awhile. 

Worcester .- — "  Master  Philpot,  I  am  very  sorry  that  you  will  be  so  singular. 
I  never  talked  with  any  yet  in  my  diocese,  but  after  once  communication  had 
with  me,  they  have  been  contented  to  revoke  their  errors,  and  to  teach  the 
people  how  they  were  deceived,  and  so  do  much  good — as  you  may  if  you  list. 
For  as  I  understand  you  were  archdeacon  of  Winchester  (which  is  the  eye  of 
the  bishop) ;  and  you  may  do  much  good  in  that  country,  if  you  would  forsake 
your  errors,  and  come  to  the  catholic  church." 

PhUpot : — "  Wherewithal  you  so  soon  persuaded  them  to  your  will,  I  see  not. 
Error,  that  I  know,  I  hold  none:  of  the  catholic  church  I  am  sure  I  am." 

Worcester : — "  The  catholic  church  doth  acknowledge  a  real  presence  of 
Christ  in  the  sacrament,-  and  so  will  not  you." 

PhUpot: — "  That  is  not  so:  for  I  acknowledge  a  very  essential  presence  in 
the  duly  using  of  the  sacrament." 

Worcester : — "  What !  a  real  presence  ?" 

PhUpot : — "  Yea,  a  real  presence  by  the  Spirit  of  God  in  the  right  admini- 
stration." 

Worcester : — "  That  is  well  said  :  and  do  you  agree  with  the  catholic  church 
also?" 

PhUpot : — "  I  do  agree  with  the  true  catholic  church." 
Worcester  : — "  My  lord  of  London,  this  man  speaketh  reasonably  now." 
Bonner : — "  You  do  agree  in  generalities ;  but  when  it  shall  come  to  the 
particularities,  you  will  far  disagree." 

Worcester  : — "  W'cll,  keep  yourself  here,  and  you  shall  have  other  learned 
])ishops  to  commune  further  with  you,  as  my  lord  of  Durham,  and  my  lord  of 
Chichester,  whom,  I  hear  say,  you  do  like  well." 

PhUpot:—''  I  do  like  them  as  I  do  all  others  that  speak  the  truth.     I  have 
once  already  spoken  with  them,  and  they  foiuid  no  fault  with  me." 
Worcester : — "  Pray,  in  the  mean  season,  for  grace  to  God." 
PhUpot  : — "  Prayer  is  the  comfortablcst  exercise  I  feel  in  my  trouble,  and 
my  conscience  is  quiet,  and  I  have  the  peace  of  mind,  which  cannot  be  the 
fruits  of  heresy." 

Worcester:—"  We  will  bid  you  farewell  for  this  time." 

(1)  "  Intcrroga  p.itres."  ,...,, 

(2)  Note,  he  saith  not  'in  tlio  sacratncnt,"  but '  in  the  administration  of  the  sacrament. 


^'^^  THE    STORY    OF    JOHN    PHILPOT,    MARTYR. 

Mary. 

^Y  J)  ^     Another  Talk  the  same  day. 

_i^-_      After  dinner  they  called  for  me  again,  and  demanded  of  me  whether  I  meant 

After        as  I  spake  before  dinner,  and  would  not  go  from  it.    To  whom  I  answered^Zt 

VhTt     ^  ^'""^'^  "'•*  §°  ^""""^  *'^^*  '  ^""^  s^j^-  answered,  that 

caneS"  Worcester:-^'  You  said  at  my  departing  from  you  before  dinner,  that  if  we 

aga,n.       did  burn  you   we  should  burn  a  catholic  man.     Will  you  be  a  catholic  man ' 

and  stand  to  the  catholic  church  ?"  i^duiouc  man  . 

Philpot :—"  I  will  stand  to  the  true  catholic  church  " 

Worcester:— ''Will  you  stand  to  the  catholic  church  of  Rome  ?"  i 

onf  Seof"         ^""  '''"  P'"'^'  ''''  '''"''  *'  ^'  '^''  ^^^^^^'^  ^'^^^^'^h,  I  will  be 

/fo.c^*/.,v— "Did  not  Christ  say  unto  Peter,  and  to  all  his  successors  of 

oj^a.     *°'<'''''>t.e,lerat,o,,oftee<li,,g,spoken(oPeter,„„lysig„ify.    But  the  bisho,, 
'f"'"'"'  °fi°'"= ''""'."«"?'"';."■"?";"'■»'  folding,  and  therrfL  i  hath  imai    ed 

Worcester:—"  How  can  you  tell  that?" 

DroIXTnnT"  J^T^^'.^  preacheth  not  one  way,  he  preacheth  another,  by 
procuring  good  order  for  the  church  to  be  kept  in  "  "^ 

Ip^vi'ft'Tv!'  •  """  '"'■^^^t  i^^^ill  be  his  damnation  before  God,  that  he 
derc*ietotT/'°™"'"^  "'''"^^'  ^"'^^"^^'^  '"^'^  ^^^  "^^"^  ^---'« 
JFo,-c..i,^r:-"  It  is  the  evil  living  that  you  have  seen  at  Rome,  that  causeth 
you  o  have  this  ill  judgment  of  the  church  of  Rome.  I  cannot  n;w  tarry  with 
IZ::^:^^^J^::^:     «-  -y  y-  -  the  real  presence  Xt 

r^^JflTl^^A  ^  '^V'?'"''''^'^^'  k'  ^  ^^^^  ^^^^)  ^  real'  presence  of  the  sacra- 
S  God"  the  due  administration  thereof,  to  the  worthy  receivers  by  the  SpSt 

J[Zr*''"'~"  '^°"  fi  "°'^  ^  ^'^^'  '"^"y  '"°i'«  ^^ords  than  you  did  before  • 
.^  ,.    • ,       ir  r"  f  ^  """"f  "^  ^^"  sacrament,  than  a  great  many  will  do  " 

sey,  and    Zf^ff        ■  '       ^/'^  ^'■''''*  '"^"^^  '"°'"<^-    "  ^^^^^er  Philpot,"  said  Chid- 

^     Si'nseU  pilyrarhim!"'^^^^"  "'  ^'^'^^'  ^'"^  ^«  ^-'  ^«Vve  you  gol 

""""'•      if  fll'^^°^  '"r-"  "^  "^'^  '^^"'^  J°  ^^'''"  "''"<''  ^bat  will  counsel  me  any  good  •  and 
Zw/     Tf  ^"^  ;"-tter  better  than  I  have,  I  will  stick  thereuntf."     ' 
yy right.—    1  would  wish  you,  master  Philpot,  to  a^ree  with  the  rathnUp 

mr'girou.-'  ^'^"'  ^"  ^''"-  °^"  ^°"^^^*-  ^'^^^^^  aVea^iy  :f  5:s 

livf  Slie7herP,7.'  nT.  '7  ^°''"'''  °^  '^''  ""^"'^"^"^  ^^*^°"^  ^'^"'•^'^'  and  will 

bptw'f'^""~i\f  ''''"?''  ^°^  *°  '^^'P"^^  "^''^^  y°"'  but  to  exhort  you.     Here  be 
better  learned  than  I,  that  can  inform  you  better  than  I  " 

fn  b!v     fT-"  Wbat  proof  would  you  have?    I  will  prove  unto  you,  our  church 
to  have  Its  being  and  toundation  by  the  Scriptures,  by  the  apostles   and  bv    ho 

Kro^ftr'-^""'™^'  ^''''  ''^  ''^^'  '^--^>'i  -d  withTheTe'stilny 
^mipot:-"  Give  me  your  hand,  master  doctor;  prove  that,  and  have  with 

of 'iVoIr'""'  '"  ''^  '^''^*^°'"'  '=^"'^^'  •«  "ot  --Sh  with  these  „,en,  except  you  be  in  the  church 


S  vruprn^remo^^^^crd/e^lT.l.'lI^jt;^    prove        ^'^  "^  "really"  he  l^eaneth '■  truly." 


HIS    THIRTEKNTII    EXAMINATION.  C71 

Chedsey: — "  If  I  liad  my  books  here,  I  could  soon  prove  it.     I  will  go  fetch     Maty. 
some."     And  with  that  he  went  and  fetched  his  book  of  Annotations,  saying,  '  ~ 

"  I  cannot  bring  my  books  well,  therefore  I  have  brought  my  book  of  Annota-    ^:}l- 
tions ;"  and  turned  there  to  a  commonplace  of  the  sacrament,  asking  me  whether    ^'^'^'^- 
the  catholic  church  did  allow  the  presence  of  Christ's  body  in  the  sacrament.  Dr.  chcd- 
or  no  ?  "  I  hear  say  you  do  confess  a  real  presence  :  but  I  will  be  hanged,  if  you  ^^>'  j^'J^**- 
will  abide  by  it :  you  will  deny  it  by  and  by."  lK>ok  of 

Philpot : — "  That  I  have  said,  I  cannot  deny ;  neither  intend,  whatsoever  Annota- 
'  ,,  '  ■'  tions. 

you  say. 

Chc'dseif-—"  If  there  be  a  real  presence  in  the  sacrament,  then  evil  men  re- 
ceive Christ;  which  thing  you  will  not  grant,  I  am  sure." 

Philpot : — "  I  deny  the  argument,  for  I  do  not  grant  in  the  sacrament,  by 
transubstantiation,  any  real  presence,  as  you  falsely  imagine,  but  in  the  due 
adnunistration  to  the  worthy  receivers." 

Chedsey : — '*  I  will  prove  that  the  evil  and  wicked  men  cat  the  body  of  Christ,  Whetl.tr 
as  well  as  the  good  men,  by  St.  Austin  here."— And  in  the  beginning  of  his  rJc'-i'vc" 
text  St.  Austin  seemeth  to  approve  his  assertion ;  but  I  bade  him  read  out  to  the  body 
the  end,  and  there  St.  Austin  declareth  most  evidently  that  it  was  "  quodam-  of  Christ, 
modo,"'  after  a  certain  manner,  the  evil  men  received  the  body  of  Christ,  which  "^^^^, 
is  sacramentally  only  in  the  outer  sign,  and  not  really,  or  in  deed,  as  the  good  do." 
do.  "  And  thus  all  the  doctors  that  you  seem  to  bring  in  for  your  purpose,  be 
quite  against  you,  if  ye  did  rightly  weigh  them." 

Chedsey:—''  By  God,  you  are  a  subtle  fellow.  See  how  he  would  writhe 
St.  Augustine's  words." 

Philpot :— "  See  who  of  us  writheth  St.  Austin  more,  you,  or  I  which  take  his  Dr.  Chcd- 
meaning  by  his  own  express  words.     And  seeing  you  charge  me  of  subtlety,  ^^l  j*'"  ^ 
what  subtlety  is  this  of  you,  to  say  tliat  you  will  prove  your  matter  of  the  proof, 
church,  even  from  the  beginning,  promising  to  show  your  books  therein ;  and, 
when  it  cometh  to  the  showing,  you  are  able  to  show  none,  and,  for  want  of 
proof,  slip  into  a  by  matter,  and  yet  faint  in  the  proof  thereof?     Afore  God  you        t 
are  but  bare  in  your  religion." 

Chedsey .— "  You  shall  be  constrained  to  come  to  us  at  length,  whether  you 
will  or  no." 

Philpot .—"  Hold  that  argument  fast ;  for  it  is  the  best  you  have,  for  you 
have  nothing  but  violence." 

The  Thirteenth  Examination  of  Master  Philpot,  before  tlic  Arcli- 
bishop  of  York,  and  divens  other  liishops. 

The  Thursday  after,  I

~173 words

you  shall  speak  unto  me." 

York  ■— "  What  be  the  matters  you  stand  on,  and  require  to  be  satisfied  in?" 
Philpot.— "My  lord,  if  it  shall  please  your  grace,  we  were  entered  into  a 
good  matter  before  you  came,  of  the  church,  and  how  we  should  know  the  truth 
but  by  the  church." 

York  .— "  Indeed  that  is  the  head  we  need  to  begin  at ;  for  the  church  beino- 
truly  known,  we  shall  sooner  agree  in  the  particular  things." 

Philpot:—"  If  your  lordships  can  prove  the  church  of  Rome  to  be  the  true 
catholic  church,  it  shall  do  much  to  persuade  me  toward  that  you  would  have 
me  mcline  unto." 

York  .— "  Why,  let  us  go  to  the  definition  of  the  church.     What  is  it  ?" 
The  Philpot:— "li  is  a  congregation  of  people   dispersed  through  the  world, 

defined  '''g^^^'"^  together  in  the  word  of  God,  using  the  sacraments  and  all  other  things 
ueiiueu.     according  to  the  same."  * 

York  : — «  Your  definition  is  of  many  words  to  no  purpose." 

Philpot.— "I  do   not  precisely  define  the  church,  but   declare   unto   vou 

what  I  think  the  church  is." 
The  York

~181 words

faithful  successors  of   Peter  before   corrujition  came    into    the  '^"*" 
church.     And  so  if  you  can  deduce  your  argument  for  the  see  of  Rome  now, 
as  St.  Avigustine  might  do  in  his  time,  I  would  say  it  might  be  of  some  force  : 
otherwise  not." 

York : — "  St.  Augustine  proveth  the  catholic  church  principally* by  succession 
of  bishops,  and  therefore  you  understand  not  St.  Augiistine.  For  what,  I  })ray 
you,  was  the  opinion  of  the  Donatists,  against  whom  he  wrote  ?  can  you  tell .' 
What  country  were  they  of? 

Philpot : — "They  were  a  certain  sect  of  men,  affirming  among  other  here- 
sies, that  the  dignity  of  the  sacraments  depended  upon  the  worthiness  of  the 
minister  ;  so  that  if  the  minister  were  good,  the  sacraments  wliich  he  ministered 
were  available,  or  else  not." 

Chichester: — "That  was  their  error,  and  they  had  none  other  but  that."  The  error 
And  he  read  another  authority  of  St.  Augustine  out  of  a  book  which  he  brought,  °'''^e  l>o- 
even  to  the  same  purpose  that  the  other  was. 

Philpot : — "  I  challenge  St.  Augustine  to  be  with  me  thoroughly  in  this  point, 
and  will  stand  to  his  judgment,  taking  one  place  with  another." 

Chichester

~374 words

the   synagogue  of  Satan  and 

church  of  liars.''  And  now  it  is  with  us,  as  it  was  with  the  two  women  in  Solomon's 
compared  time,  which  lay  together,  and  the  one  suppi-essed  her  child,  and  afterward  went 
to  the  wo-  about  to  challenge  the  true  mother's  child."  ^ 

jnanni  Chichester: — "What  a  babbling  is  here  with  vou  now?     I  see  you  lack 

Solonion  s  .,.  tr  -n  i  i  i  /  »> 

time, that  humility.     You  will  go  about  to  teach,  and  not  to  learn. 

falsely  ^  PMlpot : — "  My  lords,  I  must  desire  you  to  bear  with  my  hasty  speech  ;  it  is 
ed'\he"°"  "^y  infirmity  of  nature.  All  that  I  speak  is  to  learn  by.  I  would  you  did 
true  mo-  understand  all  my  mind,  that  I  might  be  satisfied  by  you  through  better 
childfrom  authority." 

iier.  Chichester: — "  My  lord,   if  it  please  your  grace,  turn  the  argument  upon 

him,  which  you  have  made,  and  let  him  show  the  succession  of  the  bishops  of 
his  church,  as  we  can  do.  How  say  you,  can  you  show  the  succession  of  bishops 
in  your  church  from  time  to  time?  1  tell  you,  this  argument  troubled  Dr. 
Ridley  so  sore,^  that  he  could  never  answer  it:  yet  he  was  a  man  well  learned; 
I  dare  say  you  will  say  so." 

Philpot : — "  He  was  a  man  so  learned,  that  I  was  not  worthy  to  carry  his 
books  for  learning." 

Chichester : — "  I  promise  you  he  was  never  able  to  answer  that.     He  was  a 

man  that  I  loved  well,  and  he  me ;  for  he  came  unto  me  divers  times  being  in 

prison,  and  conferred  with  me." 

Succes-  Philpot  : — "  1  wonder,  my  lord,  you  should  make  this  argument  which  you 

bisho°Ds     would  turn  upon  me,  for  the  trial  of  my  church  whereof  I  am,  or  that  you 

alone  is     would  make  bishop  Ridley  so  ignorant  that  he  was  not  able  to  answer  it,  since 

no  suffici-  it  is   of  no  force.     For  behold,   first   I  denied  you,   that  local  succession  of 

to  prove    bishops  in  one  place  is  a  necessary  point  alone  to  prove  the  catholic  church  by, 

the  cjitho-  and  that  which  I  have  denied  you  cannot  prove  :  and  is  it  then  reason  that  you 

church      ^^^^^^  put  me  to  the  trial  of  tliat,  which  by  you  is  unproved,  and  of  no  force  to 

conclude  against  me

~312 words

sure  of  true  faith  and  favour  in  Christ." 

Bath  : — "  How  will  you  be  able  to  answer  heretics,  but  by  the  determination 
of  the  known  catholic  church?"* 

Philpot : — "  I  am  able  to  answer  all  heretics  by  the  word  of  God,  and 
convince  them  by  the  same." 

Chichester: — "  How  arrogantly  is  that  spoken  !     I  dare  not  say  so." 
Philpot: — "  My  lord,  I  pray  you  bear  with  me;  for  I  am  bold  on  the  truth's 

(I)  Rev.  ii.  (2)  1  Kinssiii. 

(•'!)  So  yc  say  now,  when  ye  would  give  hira  no  leave  nor  time  when  he  was  alive,  to  make  his 

(1)  Leave  your  reviling  terms,  my  lord,  and  go  to  the  matter. 

(S)  Note  how  these  men  ground  their  faith,  not  upon  God's  word,  but  upon  the  determination 
of  tlieirown  church. 


HIS    THIRTEENTH    EXAMINATION.  (;7.-, 

side,  and  I  speak  somewhat  by  experience  that  I  liave  had  with  heretics ;  and  I     Mart 

know  the  Arians  be  tlie  subtlest  that  ever  were,  and  yet  1   have  manifest  scriji- — 

tm-cs  to  beat  them  down  witlial."  A.  1). 

Cliicltester : — "I  perceive  now  you  are  the  same  manner  of  man    I   have     *•'•'•'• 
heard  of,  whicli  will  not  be  satisfied  by  learning." 

Philpot : — "  Alas,  my  lord  !  why  do  you  say  so  ?  I  do  desire  most  humbly  to 
be  taught,  if  there  be  any  better  way  that  1  should  learn,  and  hitherto  you  have 
showed  me  no  better :  therefore  I  pray  your  lordshij)  not  to  mis-judge  without 
a  cause." 

liath : — "  If  you  be  the  tnie  catholic  church,  then  w  ill  you  hold  with  the 
real  presence  of  Christ  in  the  sacrament,  which  the  true  church  hath  ever 
maintained." 

Philpot : — "  And  I,  my  lord,  with  the  true  church  do  hold  the  same  in  the 
due  ministration  of  the  sacrament.  But  I  desire  you,  my  lord,  there  may  be 
a  better  conclusion  in  our  first  matter,  before  we  enter  into  any  other ;  for  if 
the  church  be  proved,  we  shall  soon  agree  in  the  rest."  in  tlie  mean  while

~155 words

member  to  be  cut  off." 

(1)  My  lord  of  York  i»  liere  driven  to  seek  his  books. 

(2)  As  there  is  no  treatixe  of  AuRtistinc  with  this  title,  it  is  probable  that  the  bishop  meant  to 
refer  to  the  "Liber  contra  Epist.  fundament."  J  5,  \* here  these  rcnsons  for  attachment  to  the 
catholic  church  occur.— En. 

;3,  Christ's  church  ccaseth  not  to  be  his  church,  albeit  in  time  of  persecution  it  be  hid  sometiuiis 
in  corners. 
(1)  First  an.swer  to  his  reason,  and  call  him  obstinate  afterward 
X    X   2 


076  THE    STORY    OF    JOHN    PHILPOT.    MARTYR. 

Mary.         Chichester  : — "  I  have  heard  of  you  before,   how  you  troubled  tlie  godd 

■ . —  bishop  of  Winchester,  and  now  I  see  in  you  that  I  have  heard." 

^•^-         Ph'ilpot  : — "  I  trust  you  see  no  evil  in  me  by  this;  I  desire  of  you  a  sure 
^^•^^-    ground  to  build  my  faith  on,  and  if  you  show  me  none,   I  pray  you  speak  not 
ill  of  him  that  meaneth  well." 

Chichester .— "  Thou

~475 words

give  you  grace  to  repent." 

And  so  they  departed. 

Another  Talk  the  same  Day. 

Another  The  Same  day  at  night  before  supper,  the  bishop  sent  for  me  into  his  chapel, 
calling  of  in  the  pi-esence  of  the  archdeacon  Harpsfield,  Dr.  Chedsey,  and  other  his 
before'the  chaplains,  and  his  servants ;  at  what  time  he  said,  "  Master  Philpot,  I  have  by 
bishop,  sundry  means  gone  about  to  do  you  good,  and  I  marvel  you  do  so  little  consider 
it.  By  my  truth,  I  cannot  tell  what  to  say  to  you.  Tell  me  directly,  whether 
you  will  be  a  conformable  man,  or  no;  and  whereupon  you  chiefly  stand." 

Philpot : — "  I  have  told  your  lordship  oftentimes  plain  enough,  whereon  I 
stand  chiefly,  requiring  a  sure  probation  of  the  church  whereunto  you  call  me." 

Harpsfield: — "  St.  Austin  writing  against  the  Donatists,  declareth  four 
special  notes^  to  know  the  church  by  :  the  consent  of  many  nations,  the  faith  of 
the  sacraments  confirmed  by  antiquity,  succession  of  bishops,  and  universality." 

London  .• — "  I  pray  you,  master  archdeacon,  fetch  the  book  hither :  it  is  a 
notable  place,  let  him  see  it."  And  the  book  was  brought,  and  the  bishop 
read  it,  demanding  how  I  could  answer  the  same. 

Philpot: — "  My  lord,  I  like  St,  Augustine's  four  points  for  the  trial  of  the 
catholic  church,  whereof  I  am  :  for  it  can  abide  every  point  thereof  together ; 
which  yours  cannot  do." 

Harpsfield  .• — "  Have  not  we  succession  of  bishops  in  the  see  and  church  of 
Rome  ?  Wherefore  then  do  you  deny  our  church  to  be  the  catholic  church?" 

Philpot : — "  St.  Augustine  doth  not  put  succession  of  bishops  only  to  be  suf- 
ficient, but  he  addeth  the  use  of  the  sacraments  according  to  antiquity  and  doc- 
trine universally  taught  and  received  of  most  nations  from  the  beginning  of  the 
primitive  church,  the  which  j'our  church  is  far  from.  But  my  church  can 
avouch  all  these  better  than  yours ;  therefore,  by  St.  Augustine's  judgment, 
which  you  here  bring,  mine  is  the  catholic  church,  and  not  yours." 

Harpsfield  and  Chedsey  : — "  It  is  but  folly,  my  lord,  for  you  to  i-eason  with 
him,  for  he  is  irrecoverable."^ 

Philpot : — "  That  is  a  good  shift  for  you  to  run  unto,  when  you  be  confounded 
in  your  own  sayings,  and  have  nothing  else  to  say  ;  you  are  evidently  deceived, 
and  yet  will  not  see  it  when  it  is  laid  to  your  face." 

(1)  Because,  my  lord,  you  be  not  able  to  answer  him. 

(2)  Concerning  these  four  points,  he  answered  sutliciently  before. 

(:i)  It  is  best  for  you  to  say  so,  when  you  have  no  other  way  to  shift  ofThis  arguments. 


HIS    LASr     EXAMINATION.  fJ77 

Thus  have  I  at  large  set  forth  as  many  of  the  said  John  Philpot's    M«ry. 
examinations  and   privy  conferences  as  are  yet  come  to  liglit,  heinj^    ^  ^ 
faithfully  written  with  his  own  hand.     And  although  he  was  divers    v,:^^. 
other   times  after  this  examined,   both   openly   in  the  consistory  at 
Paid

~639 words

justice  and  right  judgment.     The  effect  as  well  ;;]J,;"p*^" 
of 'which  their  two  sundry  proceedings,  as  also  of  one  other,  had  the  ment. 
11th  day  of  the  same  month  in  his  chapel,  appears  in  a  manner  to  be 
all  one.  The  bishop  therefore  first  speaking  to  master  Philpot,  said  :— 

"  Master  Philpot,  amongst  other  things  that  were  laid  and  objected  unto  you    TJ,ree^ 
these  three  things  ye  were  especially  charged  and  burdened  wilhal.      Ihe  first  J^i^,^., 
is,  that  you,  being  fallen  from  the  unity  of  Christ  s  catholic  church,  do  refuse  laid  to 
and  will  not  come  to  be  reconciled  thereunto.     The  second  is   that  you  have  ^^^^ 
blasphemously  spoken  against  the  sacrifice  of  the  mass,  calling  it  idolatry.  And 
the  third  is,  that  you  have  spoken  against  the  sacrament  of  the  alUir,  denymg 
the  real  presence'of  Christ's  body  and  blood  to  be  in  the  same.     And  according 
to  the  will  and  pleasure  of  the  synod  legative,  ye  have  been  oft  by  me  inv.  ed 
and  required  toVo  from  your  said   errors  and  heres.es,  and  to  return  to  the 
uuitv  o1-  the  catholic  church,  which  if  ye  will  now  willingly  do.  ye  shall  be  mer- 
cf  Uy  and  gladly  receiyed,  charitably  used,  and  haye  all  the  favour  I  can  show 
vou      And  now,  to  tell  you  true,  it  is  assigned  and  appointed  me  to  guc  sen- 
teTce  a-^ainst  you,  if  yoii  stand  herein,  and  wUl  not  return.     ^\  herefore,  if  ye  so 
refui  1  do  ask  of  yoJi,  whether  you  have  any  cause  that  you  can  show,  why  I 
should  not  now  give  sentence  against  you  ? " 

pLil„„t ._"  Under  protestation,  not  to  go  from  my  appeal  that  I  h.nc  m.uk, 
and  al/o  not  to  consenl  to  you  as  my  competent  judge,  I  say,  touching  your 
S  objection  concerning  the  catholic  church,  I  neither  was  nor  an.  out  of  le 
same  And  as  touching  the  sacrifice  of  the  mass,  and  the  sacrament  of  he 
altTr  I  never  spake  against  the  same.'  And  as  concermng  the  pleasure  o  the 
synod,  I  say,  that  thefe  twenty  years  I  have  been  brought  up  m  the  fa.th  of 
the  true   catholic  church,  which   is  contrary  to  your  churcb, 


whereunto  vou 
:;^.W  W  m^U.  ;;m;r'and  hthat  Ume  ri.aye  been  .nany^^ 
v^ell  in  the  reign  of  king  Henry  the  Eighth,  as  in  the  re.gn  of  good  k.ng  1..U  mf 
his  so  )  against  the  usurped  power  of  the  bislx.p  ..f  Uo-ms  wh.ch  oath  I  th...k 
U.at  I  aJbiund  i.i  my  conscience  to  keep,  'quia  teneor  redderc  Domino jura- 

the  sacrament  of  the  altar. 


A.D, 


678  THE    STORY    OF    JOHN    PHILPOT,    MARTYR. 

Mary,  meiitum.'  But  if  you,  or  any  of  the  synod,  can  by  God's  word  persuade  me 
that  my  said  oath  was  unlawful,  and  that  I  am  bound  by  God's  law  to  come  to 
your  church,  faith,  and  religion,  whereof  you  be  now,  I  will  gladly  yield,  agree, 
1555.  -and  be  conformable  unto  you  ;  otherwise  not." 

Bonner  then,  not  able  with  all  his  learned  doctors,  to  accomplish  this  his 

offered  condition,  fell  to  persuading  of  him,  as  well  by  his  accustomed  vain 

promises,  as  also  by  bloody  threatenings,  to  return  to  their  church  :  to  the  which 

Bonner      Philpot  answered,  "  You,  and  all  other  of  your  sort,  are  hypocrites,  and  I  would 

with  all     all  the  world  did  know  your  hypocrisy,  your  tyranny,  ignorance,  and  idolatry." 

tors  not         Upon  these  words,  the  bishop  did  for  that  time  dismiss  him,  commanding 

able  to      that  on  Monday  the  16th  day  of  the  same  month,  between  the  hours  of  one  and 

^vrf^'t     three  in  the  afternoon,  he  should  again  be  brought  thither,  there  to  have  the 

definitive  sentence  of  condemnation  pronounced  against  him,  if  he  remained 

then  in  his  former  constancy. 

The  last  Examination  of  Master  John  Philpot;  Dec.  16th. 
At  which  day  and  time,  master

~221 words

before  the 
bishops  of  London,  Bath,  Worcester,  and  Lichfield,  Bonner  bishop  of  London 
began  to  talk  in  this  manner. 

London : — "  My  lords,  Stokesley  my  predecessor,  when  he  went  to  give  sen- 
tence against  a  heretic,  used  to  make  this  prayer  :  '  Deus  qui  errantibus,  ut  in 
Bishop      viam  jiossint  redire,  justitife  veritatisque  tuse   lumen  ostendis,  da  cunctis  qui 
ley'spray  Christiana  professione  censentur,  et  ilia  respuere  qua^  huic  inimica  sint  nomini, 
er  when     et  ea  quEe  sint  apta  sectari  per  Christum  Dominum  nostrum.    Amen.'     Which 
he  gave     j  ^^jij  follow."    And  SO  he  read  it  with  a  loud  voice  in  Latin."     To  which  mas- 
upon  any.  ter  Philpot  said,  '•  I  would  ye  would  speak  in  English,  that  all  men  might  hear 
and  understand  you ;  for  Paul  willeth  that  all  things  spoken  in  the  congregation 
to  edify,  should  be  spoken  in  a  tongue  that  all  men  might  understand." 

Whereupon  the  bishop  did  read  it  in  English  :  and  when  he  came  to  these 
words,  "  To  refuse  those  things  which  are  foes  to  his  name ; "  Philpot  said. 
Bishop  <<  Then  they  all  must  turn  away  from  you;  for  you  are  enemies  to  that  name 
prayeth  (meaning  Christ's  name),  and  God  save  us  from  such  hypocrites  as  would  have 
against  things  in  a  tongue  that  men  cannot  understand." 
himself.         London ; — "  Whom  do  you  mean  ? " 

Philpot : — "  You,  and  all  other  that  be  of  your  generation  and  sect.  And  I 
am

~222 words

ignorance:  but  ye  dance  in  anet,  andthhikthatno  man  doth  see  yoti."  Hereupon 
they  had  nmch  talk,  but  what  it  was,  it  is  not  yet  known.  At  last  Bonner  spake 
unto  him,  and  said,  "  Philpot,  as  concerning  your  objections  against  my  juris- 
diction, ye  shall  understand  that  both  the  civil  and  canon  laws  make  against  you ; 
and  as  for  your  appeal,  it  is  not  allowed  in  this  case  :  for  it  is  written  in  the  law, 
'  A  judice  dispositionem  juris  exequente  non  est  appellandum.'"  ' 

(1)  The  law  seemeth  either  blindly  compared  of  the  bishop,  or  else  not  rightly  collected  of  his 
registrar. 


nONNKIlS    KXHOUTATICX    TO    IlIM.  CVJ 

Philpol : — "  My  lord,  it  appearetli  by  your  inttrpretation  of  tlie  law,  liiat  jc     •# 

have  no  knowledge  therein,  and  that  ye  do  not  understand  the  law  :  for,  if  ye 


did,  ye  would  not  bring  in  that  text."  A.  U. 

Hereupon  the  bishop  recited  a  law  of  the  Romans,  that  it  was  not  lawful  for  '^■''>^- 
a  Jew  to  keep  a  christian  niau  in  captivity,  and  to  use  him  as  a  slave,  laying  u,,,,,,^^ 
then  to  the  said  Phiipots  charge,  that  he  did  not  understand  the  law,  but  did  '""^'i  to 
like  a  Jew.  Whereunto  Philpot  answered,  "  No,  I  am  no  Jew,  but  yon,  [.'.^n',^"'*" 
my  lord,  are  a  Jew;  for  you  profess  Christ,  and  maintain  antichrist:  you  tile  law. 
profess  the  gospel,  and  maintain  superstition,  and  ye  be  able  to  charge  me  with 
nothing." 

London  and  other  Bishops

~276 words

a  certain  exhortation  in 
English,  the  tenor  and  form  whereof  is  this. 

Bishop  Bonncr"'s  Exhortation  to  John  Philpot. 
"  Master  Philpot,  this  is  to  be  told  you,  that  if  you,  not  being  yet  reconciled 
to  the  imity  of  the  catholic  church,  from  whence  ye  did  fall  in  the  time  of  the 
late  schism  here  in  this  realm  of  England,  against  the  see  apostolic  of  Rome, 
will  now  heartily  and  obediently  be  reconciled  to  the  imity  of  the  same  catholic 
church,  professing  and  promising  to  observe  aiul  keep  to  the  best  of  your  power 
the  faith  and  christian  religion  observed  and  kept  of  all  faithful  jieople  of  the 
same:  and  moreover,  if  ye  which  heretofore,  especially  in  the  years  of  our  Lord 
1553,  1554,  1555,  or  in  one  of  them,  have  offended  and  trespassed  grievously 
against  the  sacrifice  of  the  mass,  calling  it  idolatry  and  abominable,  and  like- 
wise have  offended  and  trespassed  Jigainst  the  sacrament  of  the  altar,  denying 
the  real  presence  of  Christ's  body  and  blood  to  be  there  in  the  sacrament  of  the 
altar,  affirming  al.->o  withal,  material  bread  and  material  wine  to  be  in  the 
sacrament  of  the  altar,  and  not  the  substance  of  the  body  and  blood  of  Christ ; 
if  ye,  I  say,  will  be  reconciled  as  is  aforesaid,  and  will  forsake  your  heresies 
and  errors  before  touched,  being  heretical  and  damnable,  and  will  also  allow 
the  sacrament  of  the  mass,  ye  shall  be  mercifully  received,  and  charitably  used 
with  as  nmch  favour  as  may  be :  if  not,  ye  shall  be  rej)uted,  taken,  and  judged 
for  a  heretic  (as  ye  be  indeed).  Now  do  you  choose  what  ye  will  do  ;  you  arc 
counselled  herein  friendly  and  favourably."' 

The  bishop's  exhortation  thus  ended,  master  Philpot  turned  himself  imlo

~189 words

do  abuse  that  good  queen." 
Dr.Banes       Here  the  bishop  of  Coventry  and  Lichfield  began  to  show  where  the  true 
bishop  of  church  was,  saying,  "The  true  catholic  church  is  set  upon  a  high  hill." 
speaket'h.       PhUijot : — "  Yea,  at  Rome,  which  is  the  Babylonical  church" 

Coventry : — "  No,  in  our  true  catholic  church  are  the  apostles,^  evangelists, 

and  martyrs ;  but  before  Martin  Luther,  there  was  no  apostle,  evangelist,  or 

martyr  of  your  church." 

Philpot : — "  Will  ye  know  the  cause  why  ?     Christ  did  prophesy  that  in  the 

latter  days  there  should  come  false  prophets  and  hypocrites,  as  you  be." 

Coventry  : — "  Your  church  of  Geneva,  which  ye  call  the  catholic  church,  is 

that  which  Christ  prophesied  of." 
The  Philpot : — "  I  allow  the  church  of  Geneva,  and  the  doctrine  of  the  same  ; 

Eii"7'^d^  for  it  is  una,  catholica,  et  apostolica,  and  doth  follow  the  doctrine  that  the  apo- 
in  king  stles  did  preach ;  and  the  doctrine  taught  and  preached  in  king  Edward's  days, 
Kdward's  was  also  according  to  the  same.  And  are  ye  not  ashamed  to  persecute  me  and 
'"'®'        others  for  your  church's  sake,  which  is  Babylonical,  and  contrary  to  the  true 

catholic  church?" 

And  after  this  tliey  had

~1,758 words

the  knife  in  the  pig 
pi-ove  the  church  of  Rome  to  be  a  catholic  church  ?"  etc. ' 

Tlien  tlie  bishop  brought  fortli  a  certain  instrument,  containincj  -Article* 
articles  and  (luestions,  a<rreed  \\\wn  botii  in  Oxford  and  Cainbridfre"  Zu^^' 
wlicrcof  you  have  mention  before.     Also  he  did  exhibit  two  books  in  a^,[;[ca,„. 
print;    the    one   was  the  catcchisnt  made  in  kinij  Edward's   day.s, '>■''<'?« 
anno  1552,  the  other  concerning:  the  true  rejjort  of  the  disputation'in  ciilsn?'^ 
the  convocation-house,  mention  whereof  is  aljove  expressed.     More-  of  r^epTt'' 
over  he  did  bring  forth,  and  laid  to  master  Philpot's  charge  two  letters ;  "[^''^^^ 
the  one  touching  Bartlet  Green,  the  other  containing  godly  exhortations  tioTlif" 
and  comforts,  which  both  were  written  unto   him  by  some  of  his  lom°"n- 
godly  friends  ;  the  tenor  whereof  we  thought  here  also  to  exhibit.      '"'"'"'• 

A  Letter  exhibited  by  Bonner,  written  by  some  Friend  of  Master 
Philpot's,  and  sent  to  him,  concerning  the  handling  of  Master 
Green  in  Bishop  Bonner's  House  at  London. 

You  shall  understand  that  master  Green  came  unto  the  bishop  of  London  on 
Sunday  last,  where   he  was  courteously  received :  for  what  policy  the  sequel 
declareth.     His  entertainment  for  one  day  or  two,  was  to  dine  at  my  lord's  own 
table,  or  else  to  have  his  meat  from   thence.     During  those  days  he  lay  in 
Dr.  Chedsey's  chamber,  and  was  examined.     Albeit  in  very  deed  the  bishop  Bonner 
earnestly  and  faithfully  promised  many  right  worshipful  men  (who  were  suitors  briaketh 
for  him,  but  to  him  uiikiu)wn),  that  he  in  no  case  should  be  examined;  before  l"""""*^- 
which,  master  Fecknam  would  have  had  him  in  his  friendly  custody,  if  he  would 
have  desired  to  have  conferred  with  him,  which  he  utterly  refused.     And  in 
that  the  bishop  objected  against  liim  singularity   and  obstinacy,  his  answer 
thereunto  was  thus :   "  To  avoid  all  suspicion  thereof,  although    I   myself  am 
young,  and  utterly  unlearned  in  respect  of  the  learned  (and  yet  I  understand, 
I  tliank  my  Lord),  yet  let  me  have  such  books  as  I  shall  require;  and  if  I,  by 
God's  Spirit,  do  not  thereby  answer  all  your  books  and  objections  contrary 
thereto,  I  will  assent  to  you."     Whereunto  the  bishop,  and  his,  assented,  per- 
mitting him  at  the  first  to  have  such  books :  who  at  sundry  times  have  reasoned  Ma»'er 
with  him,  and  have  found  him  so  strong  and  rife  in  the  Scripture  and  godly  »{rong  in 
fathers,  that  since,  they  liave  not  only  taken  from  him  such  liberty  of  books,  Scrip- 
but  all  other  books,  not  leaving  him  so  much  as  the  New  Testament.     Since,  ^"^^^  "'"' 
they  have  baited  and  used  him  most  cruelly.     This  master  Fecknam  reported,  j.^^^ 
saying  farther,  that  he  never  heard  the  like  young  man,  and  so  perfect.     What  nam's 
shall  become  further  of  him,  God  knoweth;  hut  death  I  think,  for  he  remaineth  JJ'P""  "' 
more  and  more  willing  to  die,  as  I  understand.     Concerning  your  bill,"  I  shall 
confer  with  others  therein,  knowing  that  the  same  court  is  able  to  redress  the 
same  :  and  yet  I  think  it  will  not  be  reformed,  for  that  I  know  few  or  none  that 
dare  or  will  speak  therein,  or  prefer  the  same,  because  it  concerneth  spiritual 
things.     Notwithstanding,  I  will  ascertain  you  thereof;  conmiitling  you  to  the 
Holy  Ghost,  who  keep  you  and  us  all,  as  his.  Your  own,  etc. 

The  Copy  of  another  Letter  written  by  the  faithful  and  christian- 
hearted  Lady,  the  liady  Vane,  to  Master  Philpot,  exhibited  like- 
wise by  Bishop  Bonner. 

Hearty  thanks  rendered  unto  you  my  well-beloved  in  Clirist,  for  the  book  ye 
sent  me,  wherein  I  find  great  consolations,  and,  according  to  the  doctrine 
thereof,  do  prepare  my  cheeks  to  the  strikers,  and  my  woniuni.sh  back  to  the 

(1)  Philpot  had  a  knife  brought  him  under  api^:  crpo.  the  rliurch  of  Rome  is  a  catholic  church! 

(2)  This  bill  was  a  supidication  to  be  olTered  up  iii  Hi.-  )..irli.iim-ht. 


682  philpot's  supplication  to  the  king  and  aUEEN. 

Maru.     burdens  of  reproof.    And  so,  in  the  strength  of  my  God  I  trust  to  leap  over  the 

wall ;  for  his  sweetness  overcometh  me  daily,  and  maketh  all  these  apothecaiy 

A.  D.  drugs  of  the  world  even  medicinal-like  in  my  mouth.  For  the  continuance 
1555.  ^vjjereof,  I  beseech  thee,  my  dear  fellow-soldier,  make  thy  faithful  prayer  for 
me,  that  I  may  with  a  strong  and  gladsome  conscience  finish  my  course,  and 
obtain  the  reward,  though  it  be  no  whit  due  to  my  work.  I  am  not  content 
that  you  so  often  gratify  me  with  thanks  for  that  which  is  none  worthy,  but 
duty  on  my  part,  and  small  relief  to  you.  But  if  you  would  love  me  so  much 
that  I  might  supply  your  lacks,  then  would  I  think  ye  believed  my  offers  to  be 
such,  as  agreed  with  my  heart.  And  for  the  short  charges  ye  speak  of,  the 
means  are  not  so  pleasant,  if  God  (whom  my  trust  is  in)  will  otherwise  prepare; 
but  Solomon  saith,  "All  things  here  have  their  time;"  you  to-day,  and  I  to- 
morrow, and  so  the  end  of  xldam's  line  is  soon  run  out.  The  mighty  God  give 
us  his  grace,  that  during  this  time,  his  glory  be  not  defaced  through  our  weak- 
ness !  Because  you  desire  to  show  yourself  a  worthy  soldier,  if  need  so  require, 
I  will  supply  your  request  for  tlie  scarf  ye  wrote  of,  that  ye  may  present  my 
handy-work  before  your  Captain,  that  I  be  not  forgotten  in  the  odours  of 
incense,  which  our  beloved  Christ  offereth  for  his  own ;  to  whom  I  bequeath 
both  our  bodies  and  souls. 

Your  own  in  the  Lord,  F.  E. 

Over  and  besides  these  letters,  the  bishops  did  also  bring  forth  a 
supplication  made  by  master  Philpot  unto  the  high  court  of  parlia- 
ment, whereof  mention  is  made  in  the  first  of  the  two  letters  last 
mentioned ;  the  copy  whereof  doth  here  ensue  as  followeth  : 

To  the  King  and  Queen's  Majesty's  Highnesses,  the  Lords  Spiritual  and  Tem- 
poral, and  the  Commons  of  this  present  Parliament  assembled. 

In  most  humble  wise  complaineth  unto  this  honourable  court  of  parliament 
John  Philpot  clerk,  that  whereas  there  was  by  the  queen's  highness  a  parliament 
called  in  the  first  year  of  her  gracious  reign,  and  after  the  old  custom  a  convo- 
cation of  the  clergy,  your  suppliant  then  being  one  of  the  said  convocation- 
house,  and  matters  there  rising  upon  the  using  of  the  sacraments,  did  dispute 
in  the  same,  knowing  that  there  all  men  had  and  have  free  speech,  and  ought 
not  to  be  after-troubled  for  any  thing  there  spoken  :  and  yet,  that  notv/ith 
standing,  not  long  after  the  said  parliament,  your  said  suppliant  (without  any 
act  or  matter)  was  commanded  to  prison  to  the  King's  Bench  by  the  late  lord 
chancellor,  where  he  hath  remained  ever  since,  until  now  of  late  that  my  lord 
the  bishop  of  London  hath  sent  for  your  said  suppliant  to  examine  him  (being 
none  of  his  diocese)  upon  certain  matters,  wherein  they  would  have  your  orator 
to  declare  his  conscience,  which,  the  said  bishop  saith,  he  hath  authority  to  do, 
by  reason  of  an  act  of  parliament  made  in  the  first  and  second  years  of  the  king 
and  queen's  majesties'  reigns,  for  the  reviving  of  three  statutes  made  against 
them  that  hold  any  opinion  against  the  catholic  faith :  whereby  he  affirmeth, 
that  every  ordinary  may,  ex  officio,  examine  every  man's  conscience.  And  for 
that  your  said  orator  hath,  and  doth  refuse,  that  the  said  bishop  of  London  hath 
any  authority  over  your  said  orator,  for  that  he  is  neither  his  diocesan,  nor 
hath  published,  preached,  nor  held  any  opinion  against  the  catholic  faith  (notwith- 
The  strait  standing  the  said  bishop  of  London  detaineth  him  in  the  coal-house,  in  the  stocks, 
'T p?''i"^  without  either  bed  or  any  other  thing  to  lie  upon  but  straw),  and  for  that  your 
I'll  the  ^°  said  orator  cannot  appeal  for  his  relief,  from  the  said  bishop,  to  any  other  judge, 
bishop's  but  the  same  bishop  may  refuse  the  same  by  their  law,  and  therefore  hath  no 
house.  succour  and  help,  but  by  this  high  court  of  parliament,  for  the  explanation  of 
the  said  act ;  therefore  may  it  please  you,  that  it  may  be  enacted  by  the  king 
and  queen's  majesties,  the  lords  spiritual  and  temporal,  and  the  commons  of  this 
present  parliament  assembled,  and  by  the  authority  of  the  same,  that  no  bishop 
nor  ordinary  shall  commit  or  detain  in  prison  any  suspected  person  or  persons 
for  the  catholic  faith,  except  he  or  they  have  spoken,  written,  or  done  some 
manifest  act  against  the  catholic  faith,  and  the  same  to  be  lawfully  proved 
against  every  such  person  or  persons,  by  the  testimony  of  two  lawful  witnesses, 
to  be  brought  before  the  said  person  or  persons  so  accused,  before  he  or  they 
sliall   cither  be   committed  to  prison,  or    coiivicted  for  any  such    offence  or 


HIS    CONDEMNATION.  (,\S;j 


ofT.nces;  the  said  former  statute,  made  in  the  said  first  and  second  year  of  our     uary. 

said  sovereign  lord  and  lady  notwithstanding :  wiierehy  your  said  orator  shall - 

not  only  be  set  at  liberty,  and  divers  others  now  remaining  in  prison;  but  also    A.D. 
the  blood  of  divers  of  the  queen's  majesty's  true  and  faithful  subjects  preserved.     1;j-''J. 


THE    CONDEMNATION    OF    THE    WORTHY    MAUTYR    OK    GOD, 
JOHN    PHII.I'OT. 

These  books,  letters,  supplications,  and  other  matters  being  thus 
read,  the  bishop  demanded  of  him.  If  the  book  intituled,  "  The 
true  Report  of  the  Disputation,"'  etc.  were  of  his  penning,  or  not.'' 
Whereunto  Philpot  answered,  that  it  was  a  good  and  true  book,  and 
of  his  own  penning  and  setting-forth. 

The  bishops,  waxing  now  weary,  and  being  not  able  by  any  suffi- 
cient ground,  either  of  God's  word,  or  of  the  tme  ancient  catholic 
fathers,  to  convince  and  overcome  him,  fell  by  fair  ami  flattering 
speech  to  persuade  with  him  ;  promising,  that  if  he  would  revoke  his 
opinions,  and  come  home  again  to  their  Komish  and  liabylonical 
church,  he  should  not  only  be  pardoned  that  which  was  past,  but  also 
they  would  with  all  favour  and  cheerfulness  of  heart,  receive  him 
again  as  a  true  member  thereof.  Which  words  when  Bonner  saw 
would  take  no  place,  he  demanded  of  master  Philpot  (and  that  with 
a  charitable  affection  I  warrant  you),  whether  he  had  any  just  cause 
to  allege,  why  he  .should  not  condemn  him  as  a  heretic.'^  "  Well," 
quoth  master  Philpot,  ''  your  idolatrous  sacrament,  which  you  have 
found  out,  ye  would  fain  defend ;   but  yc  cannot,  nor  ever  shall." 

In  the  end  the  bishop,  seeing  his  unmovable  stcdfastness  in  the  Sentence 
truth,  did  pronounce  o])cnly